冠状动脉检查中的社会人口学差异
Andrew Faturos1, Melinda Wong2, Ahmadreza Ghasemiesfe3
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Sacramento.
The American journal of medicine
|October 18, 2024
概括
冠状动脉检查不成比例地被富裕的,受过教育的白人个人使用. 这突显了在获得这项重要的心血管风险评估方面的潜在差异,特别是在少数民族和非英语人口中.
科学领域:
- 进行心血管疾病查.
- 健康差距 研究 研究 研究 研究
- 预防性心脏病学 预防性心脏病学
背景情况:
- 冠状动脉 (CAC) 评分可以识别亚临床动脉样硬化,这是心血管风险的关键标记.
- 对CAC测试的有限保险覆盖可能会造成社会经济障碍.
- 了解影响CAC查的人口和社会经济因素对于公平的医疗保健至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 将接受CAC查的患者的人口和社会经济特征与当地人口进行比较.
- 根据社会经济地位和种族/种族,确定在获得CAC查方面的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 对患者的人口和职业数据的回顾性分析,这些患者被推用于CAC查 (2010年10月 - 2023年8月).
- 与家庭收入和人口统计数据的美国人口普查数据进行比较,根据邮政编码和大都会地区进行匹配.
- 统计分析以确定患者队列和当地人口之间的显著差异.
主要成果:
- CAC查患者 (n=627) 主要是白人 (77%),受过高等教育 (32%的毕业生/专业学位),收入中位数 (94,116美元) 比当地人口 (81,264美元) 高.
- 与当地劳动力数据相比,观察到医疗保健 (22%) 和教育 (12%) 专业人员的比例过高.
- 在多个变量中,人口与当地人口数据的不一致性具有统计学意义 (P < .001).
结论:
- CAC查的准入偏向于受过教育的,富裕的,白人和说英语的个人,包括医疗保健人员.
- 在CAC测试中存在显著的差异,可能会排除少数民族和非英语人口.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索和解决心血管查准入方面的这些差异.
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