2017年西班牙儿童自闭症谱系障碍和相关因素:基于人口的跨部门研究
José Antonio Quesada1,2, Francisco Sánchez-Ferrer3,4, Adriana López-Pineda1,2,5
1Network for Research on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Alicante, Spain.
Maternal and child health journal
|October 18, 2024
概括
在3至14岁的西班牙儿童中,自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的患病率为0.59%. 诸如男性性别和寻求心理或语音治疗服务等因素与ASD诊断有关.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿科卫生健康 儿科卫生健康
- 公共卫生流行病学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种复杂的神经发育状况,患病率不明.
- 准确的流行数据对于有效的公共卫生规划和对患有自闭症儿童的资源分配至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计西班牙3至14岁儿童中自闭症患病率.
- 确定与该人口中ASD相关的社会人口统计学,行为和医疗保健相关因素.
主要方法:
- 采用西班牙2017年全国未成年人健康调查数据的横截面观察研究.
- 分析包括社会人口统计,行为,健康,医疗保健利用和药物数据.
- 使用多变量逻辑回归,对罕见事件进行校正,并进行复杂的抽样调整.
主要成果:
- 发现ASD的患病率为0.59%,约占29,143名儿童.
- 重要相关因素包括男性性别,最近访问心理学家或语言治疗师,同行关系问题,反社会行为以及使用抗生素或其他药物.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了西班牙儿童中自闭症发病率的基本数据.
- 调查结果可以为卫生政策和战略规划提供信息,以识别和支持患有自闭症儿童及其家属.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
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To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
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01:28Social Anxiety Disorder
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Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
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01:24Antisocial Personality Disorder
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Antisocial personality disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by persistent patterns of disregard for the rights and well-being of others. Individuals with antisocial personality disorder exhibit behaviors that include deceitfulness, impulsivity, irresponsibility, aggression, and a profound lack of empathy. These traits often manifest early in life and persist into adulthood, leading to significant personal, social, and legal consequences.
Behavioral Characteristics and...
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01:26Modeling in Therapy
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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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