在复杂断层结构附近开采煤炭影响地面断层特征的理论和数值研究
Zhaodi Han1, Mei Qiu2, Chao Teng3
1College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266590, Shandong, China.
Scientific reports
|October 18, 2024
概括
复杂的断层结构显著增加了煤层故障和水冲入风险. 调整防水煤柱宽度对于在horst,graben和step断层条件下的采矿安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 地质技术工程 地质技术工程
- 采矿工程 采矿工程 采矿工程
- 水文地质学 水文地质学
背景情况:
- 从底层含水层涌入的水对中国北部的煤层采矿构成重大威胁,由复杂的断层结构和采矿活动加剧.
- 在这些条件下了解煤层地板故障特征对于减轻水冲入机制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究由复杂的断层结构影响的地板故障特征和水冲入机制.
- 开发一个改进的理论模型和计算公式,用于在故障条件下的防水煤柱.
主要方法:
- 使用一个改进的模型进行理论分析,其中包括horst,graben和step断层结构.
- 数字模拟分析煤炭地板故障和位移特征.
- 建立基于理论模型的防水煤柱的计算公式.
主要成果:
- 在霍斯特结构下,大陷断层侧的地板断层宽度增加了25%,需要20%更宽的防水煤柱.
- 在石结构下,小陷断层侧的地板断层宽度增加了25%,需要40%更宽的防水煤柱.
- 在阶段断层结构下,断层宽度增加了15% (小入) 和50% (大入),深度增加了20%,需要50%更宽的防水煤柱.
结论:
- 复杂的断层结构显著改变了煤层断层模式,增加了水冲入的风险.
- 该研究提供了针对不同断层结构增加防水煤柱宽度的具体建议,以确保采矿安全.
- 开发的理论模型和模拟方法为预测和预防采矿相关的水危险提供了宝贵的见解.
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