使用健康信念模型来理解为什么让肯尼亚的卡车司机可以进行口服艾滋病毒自我测试对六个月的测试影响很小
Thae Aient Aient Oo1, Matthew L Romo1,2, Gavin George3,4
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
AIDS and behavior
|October 19, 2024
概括
为肯尼亚卡车司机提供艾滋病毒自我检测 (HIVST) 增加了最初的吸收,但没有持续的测试. 宿命主义显著影响了结果,减少了HIVST对高度宿命主义个体的好处.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 肯尼亚向卡车司机提供艾滋病毒自我检测 (HIVST) 最初增加了检测率.
- 然而,这种效应在6个月的随访期间没有持续下去.
- 了解影响这一群体持续艾滋病毒检测行为的因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 探讨肯尼亚卡车司机缺乏持续的艾滋病毒检测的解释.
- 评估健康信念模型构造 (风险感知,自我效能,宿命主义) 作为效果修饰者的作用.
- 在6个月的测试中调查HIVST干预和这些心理社会因素之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了比较性研究设计:HIVST干预 (n=150) 与标准护理 (SOC,n=155) 相比.
- 利用日志二项式和线性二项式回归来分析6个月测试结果.
- 根据通过相互作用测试识别的显著效果修饰物的基础上进行了分层分析.
主要成果:
- 发现HIVST干预和宿命主义在乘法和加法两种尺度上都有显著的相互作用 (p=0.020).
- 在低宿命主义的参与者中,HIVST与测试增加有关 (RR=1.30).
- 相反,在具有高宿命主义的参与者中,HIVST与测试减少有关 (RR=0.74),表明有害影响.
结论:
- 在肯尼亚卡车司机中普遍存在的宿命主义信仰,否定了提供HIVST的潜在好处.
- 解决命运主义观点的心理社会干预可能是必要的,以提高HIVST在这个人群中的有效性.
- 未来的战略应考虑文化和心理因素,以改善移动人口中持续的艾滋病毒检测.
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