根据环境相互作用评估基因型,评估牛的生长特征
S Callegaro1, F Tiezzi1, M C Fabbri1
1Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Florence 50144, Italy.
Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience
|October 19, 2024
概括
热应激显著影响肉牛的生长,遗传因素影响耐热性. 这项研究揭示了因环境相互作用影响意大利车牛生长特征的基因型,这对育种策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 动物遗传学和动物繁殖
- 环境生理学环境生理学
- 量化遗传学 量化遗传学
背景情况:
- 环境条件极大地影响动物的生长和健康,需要在育种计划中量化热应激和耐热基因.
- 通过环境相互作用 (G × E) 了解基因型对于在不同气候条件下优化牲畜表现至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估热应激对意大利Limousine肉牛生长特征 (平均每日增长,断奶体重,年龄体重) 的影响.
- 调查耐热性基因的基因基础及其与环境条件的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 对1991-2022年三个增长特征 (ADG,WW,YW) 的分析,纳入14个环境共变量.
- 线性混合模型被用来识别重要的环境因素,应用多特征模型和基因组信息.
- 偏差信息标准 (DIC) 用于模型选择;通过环境相互作用 (G × E) 显式建模的基因型.
主要成果:
- 通过环境相互作用 (G × E) 检测出所有生长特征的基因型,这表明跨环境的表现存在实质性的异质性.
- 断奶体重的遗传性保持不变,而在更恶劣的条件下,平均每日增加和年龄体重的遗传性下降.
- 不同环境之间的遗传相关性对于所有特征都是中等到低的,这表明在一个环境中的选择可能不会在另一个环境中转化为最佳.
结论:
- 该研究证实了G × E在意大利牛生长特征中的重要作用,突出了对环境特定育种策略的需求.
- 将G × E纳入基因组预测可以提高准确性并加速热耐受性的遗传收益.
- 这些发现为养殖者提供了有价值的见解,帮助他们开发出更有弹性的牛群,适应不同的环境挑战.
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