2017-21年英格兰街区之间的自杀率变化:2017-21年英格兰街区之间的自杀率变化:2021年英格兰街区之间的自杀率变化:2021年英格兰街区之间的自杀率变化:2021年英格兰街区之间的自杀率变化:2021年英格兰街区之间的自杀率
1School of Geography, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
Social science & medicine (1982)
|October 20, 2024
概括
这项研究检查了英格兰小地区的自杀变化,发现大都市地区的自杀率较低. 诸如社会碎片化和精神疾病等邻里因素影响了发病率,低碎片化和发病率与异常低的发病率有关.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 空间分析 空间分析
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 地理自杀研究往往忽略了多层次的空间相互作用.
- 自杀变异分析通常侧重于与事件率相同的空间水平上的预测因素.
- 自杀变化的不同空间尺度之间的相互作用仍然未被充分探索.
研究的目的:
- 为了分析英格兰6856个小区的自杀变化.
- 评估较高 (区域,城乡) 和较低 (邻里) 的空间尺度对自杀对比的贡献.
- 确定与小地区异常高或低的自杀率相关的因素.
主要方法:
- 零膨胀回归模型被应用来解释过多的零自杀死亡.
- 分析考虑了9个地区,城乡类别和155个地方劳动力市场的自杀数据.
- 该研究研究了邻居层面的风险因素 (社会分散,社会经济地位,精神疾病,种族混合) 和更广泛的空间背景的相对影响.
主要成果:
- 在英格兰大都会地区观察到明显较低的自杀率,即使考虑到邻里影响.
- 在更广泛的空间单位中发现了自杀风险的相当多样性.
- 不同的自杀发生率与所有检查的邻里风险因素有显著的关联.
- 较低的社会碎片化和较低的精神病发病率被认为是防止过低自杀率的重要保护因素.
结论:
- 空间尺度是理解地理位置的自杀变异的一个关键因素.
- 英格兰的大都市地区的整体自杀率较低,但风险异质.
- 邻居特点在解释自杀对比方面发挥着重要作用,社会凝聚力和心理健康服务是关键的保护因素.
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