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个人选择对"尽力"任务的努力产生情感影响的盾牌:对心脏反应的影响
Johanna R Falk1, David Framorando1, Peter M Gollwitzer2
1Geneva Motivation Lab, FPSE, Section of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
概括
个人对任务的选择增加了努力,减少了情绪音乐对心血管反应的影响. 当任务被分配时,与快乐音乐相比,悲伤的音乐会增加心血管反应.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 心血管心理生理学 心血管心理生理学
背景情况:
- 偶然的情感刺激可以影响与努力相关的反应.
- 对任务特征的个人选择可能会减轻这些影响.
- 了解情感影响的调节者对于基于努力的决策至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查个人选择是否能缓和偶然情感刺激 (音乐) 对与努力相关的心血管反应的影响.
- 检查任务承诺,行动屏蔽和情感影响之间的相互作用.
- 测试假设个人选择增强了资源动员,减少了对外部情感刺激的易感性.
主要方法:
- 一项由113名参与者执行记忆任务的实验.
- 操纵任务特征分配:个人选择与外部赋予刺激的颜色.
- 接触偶然的情感刺激:快乐与悲伤的背景音乐.
- 测量与劳动力相关的心血管反应,特别是心脏预喷射期反应性.
主要成果:
- 参与者在外部分配的颜色条件显示显著更强的心脏预喷射期反应性,当暴露在悲伤的音乐相比快乐的音乐.
- 这些音乐诱导的对心血管反应的影响,在那些亲自选择刺激颜色的参与者中不存在.
- 个人选择导致了不管音乐条件如何,都付出了巨大的努力,这表明了强大的行动屏蔽.
结论:
- 个人选择作为一个重要的调节者,影响资源动员和对偶然情感刺激的易感性.
- 当个人有选择时,个人会保持高度的努力,并且不会受到背景情绪的影响.
- 外部分配的任务可能会增加对情感影响的脆弱性,影响生理力度的努力反应.
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