在神经发育和衰老中Ras,RhoA和血管药理学
Ruth Nussinov1, Hyunbum Jang2, Feixiong Cheng3
1Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA; Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
Neurochemistry international
|October 20, 2024
概括
像Ras,Rac和RhoA这样的小GTPase是细胞功能和疾病的关键. 针对它们的途径可能为神经发育和神经退行性疾病,包括阿尔茨海默病提供新的治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 小型GTPase (Ras,Rac,RhoA) 调节细胞功能,增殖和转化.
- 这些GTPases与免疫系统病理有关,并且越来越多地与神经系统疾病有关.
- 涉及Ras超级家族成员的失调信号通路与各种疾病有关.
研究的目的:
- 探索Ras超级家族GTPases在神经疾病中的新兴作用,包括神经发育和神经退行.
- 调查这些GTPase及其途径作为药理标的潜力.
- 将阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 药物发现中的发现与神经发育障碍联系起来.
主要方法:
- 关于小GTPase功能及其在疾病中的作用的现有文献的审查.
- 分析涉及Ras,Rho和Rac异型的信号通路.
- 药物活动的相关性,特别是与心血管相关的抗老年症药物,与RhoA信号.
主要成果:
- 在GTPase的生殖基因突变导致神经发育障碍 (例如,RASopathies,自闭症谱系障碍).
- 罗GTPase信号传递与衰老和神经退行性疾病 (如阿尔茨海默氏症) 有关.
- 针对心血管系统的抗AD药物显示与RhoA信号传递和大脑血管系统有关.
结论:
- 拉斯超级家族的GTPases在神经发育和神经退行方面都至关重要.
- 罗亚信号传递和血管系统连接为阿尔茨海默氏症和神经发育障碍提供了潜在的治疗途径.
- 反AD药物洞察力可能会为儿童低度质瘤和自闭症谱系障碍等疾病的治疗提供信息.
相关概念视频
01:26Aging
37
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
37
01:24Small GTPases - Ras and Rho
3.9K
Ras and Rho are small monomeric GTPases that act downstream of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and regulate various cellular processes. These GTPases switch between active and inactive states by binding to guanine nucleotides.
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
Three regulatory proteins control their activity:
3.9K
01:15Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
732
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
732
01:21Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Release or Uptake
961
Certain drugs can affect how neurotransmitters called catecholamines, are released or taken back up in the adrenergic neuron. They can have different effects on the body's sympathetic transmission. Reserpine, a natural compound found in the Rauwolfia shrub, blocks a transporter called vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), which leads to a buildup of catecholamines in the cell and reduces sympathetic transmission. Another drug called guanethidine works in multiple ways, including blocking...
961