一个基因组上不同的头癌亚类的标志性特征
Tara Muijlwijk1,2,3, Irene H Nauta1,2, Anabel van der Lee1,2,3
1Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Otolaryngology / Head and Neck Surgery, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Nature communications
|October 20, 2024
概括
脑和部状细胞癌 (HNSCCs) 的一个独特的亚组,称为CNA-quiet,缺乏拷贝数变化. 这些瘤表现出独特的遗传特征和更好的生存率,表明临床相关的子类.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 癌症的发展涉及体质突变和拷贝数改变 (CNAs).
- 一些瘤,包括头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCCs),呈现很少或没有CNAs,这一现象需要进一步调查.
- 阴性HPV的HNSCC通常会在TP53和CDKN2A等关键基因中显示许多CNA和突变.
研究的目的:
- 对口腔状细胞癌 (OCSCCs) 进行基因分析,并确定具有最小拷贝数变化的子组的特征 (CNA-quiet).
- 为了比较CNA-安静OCSCCs的遗传,免疫和临床特征与那些表现出其他CNA配置文件的人.
主要方法:
- 802种口腔状细胞癌 (OCSCCs) 的遗传概况.
- 将OCSCC分为CNA-静态 (≤73个瘤) 和CNA-其他 (729个瘤) 亚组.
- 分析突变状态 (TP53,CASP8,HRAS),瘤免疫微环境以及患者人口统计和生存率.
主要成果:
- 9.1% (73/802) 的OCSCC被归类为CNA-安静.
- CNA-安静的OCSCC的特点是野生型TP53,频繁的CASP8和HRAS突变,以及较少免疫抑制的瘤微环境.
- 患有CNA-安静OCSCC的患者年龄较大,女性更常见,不太可能是目前的吸烟者,并且与CNA-其他组相比,5年整体存活率有所改善.
结论:
- CNA-安静的OCSCC代表了口腔癌的一个独特和临床相关的亚型.
- CNA-安静OCSCC的独特遗传和免疫特征表明不同的致癌途径和治疗脆弱性.
- 预计这一小组在老龄化人口中会增加,这突出显示了对量身定制的临床管理的需求.
相关概念视频
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells
3.4K
A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
3.4K
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance
4.9K
Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
4.9K
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell
11.8K
Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
11.8K
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
7.3K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
7.3K


