约旦母亲对儿童接种疫苗的坚持的决定因素:一个横截面研究
Wafa'a F Ta'an1, Rand A Al-Rashdan2, Rawan M Shatnawi3
1Deputy Manager, Center of Excellence and Innovation Projects; Associate Professor, Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan. wftaan@just.edu.jo.
母亲坚持儿童免疫接种对于预防麻疹爆发至关重要. 提高母亲的知识和解决收入和教育等因素是提高疫苗接种率的关键.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
背景情况:
- 疫苗接种率下降导致麻疹疫情增加.
- 母亲对儿童免疫接种的坚持是疫苗接种率的一个重要因素.
- 对于公共卫生战略来说,了解影响孕产妇依从性的因素至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响母亲坚持儿童疫苗接种的个人和背景因素.
- 评估母亲的知识,态度和接种疫苗的坚持之间的关系.
- 确定改善儿童疫苗接种覆盖率的关键决定因素.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及约旦533名母亲的横截面分析研究 (2023年5月至7月).
- 收集关于母亲的个人因素,背景因素,知识和态度的数据.
- 统计分析包括描述性统计,t测试,ANOVA和Pearson r相关性.
主要成果:
- 坚持接种疫苗与母亲的知识得分 (r=0.33,p<0.01) 和获得健康信息 (r=0.16,p<0.01) 有关相关性.
- 更高的收入 (F=11.88,p<0.01),教育水平 (F=5.71,p<0.01),就业 (t=2.41,p<0.05) 和在医疗领域工作 (t=4.5,p<0.01) 与更好的遵守有关.
- 母亲对疫苗接种的坚持需要改进,特别是在收入较低和受教育程度较低的人群中.
结论:
- 母亲的知识,社会经济地位和获得健康信息是儿童接种疫苗的关键因素.
- 需要有针对性的战略来提高疫苗接种率,专注于资源有限和健康素养有限的母亲.
- 提高母亲的知识和解决社会经济障碍可以显著改善儿童免疫计划的遵守.
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