发展机制将剥夺和威胁与精神病理学和学校成绩联系起来
Nicolas Murgueitio1, Margaret A Sheridan1, Daniel J Bauer1
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Development and psychopathology
|October 21, 2024
概括
早期的逆境对孩子的影响不同. 剥夺通过执行功能影响学业成绩,而威胁通过情绪反应增加了精神病理,突出了不同的发展途径.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学是发展心理学.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 儿童精神病理学 儿童精神病理学
背景情况:
- 早期的逆境与负面结果有关,但传统观点忽视了发育可塑性.
- 维度模型提出不同的经验以不同的方式塑造行为.
- 假设剥夺和威胁对儿童发展的差异性影响.
研究的目的:
- 测试剥夺和威胁对儿童结果的差异性影响.
- 检查执行功能和情绪反应的调解作用.
- 了解早期不良体验的长期生物嵌入.
主要方法:
- 对从出生到7岁的206个母婴双进行了纵向研究.
- 通过缺乏认知刺激来衡量剥夺;通过家庭暴力来威胁.
- 使用路径分析来检查协会和调解.
主要成果:
- 贫困与通过执行功能缺陷调解的学业成绩不佳有关.
- 威胁暴露与更高的精神病理学相关,由增加的情绪反应性介导.
- 研究结果支持不同类型的早期逆境有不同的途径.
结论:
- 早期的不良体验对儿童的行为和长期结果有独特和差异性的影响.
- 结果与青少年研究一致,强调逆境类型的特定影响.
- 支持理解儿童发育和精神病理学的维度方法.
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