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相关概念视频

Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

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When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
The motion of the liquid within this infinitesimal cylinder is considered to obtain the pressure difference. Three vertical forces act on this liquid:
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Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

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Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
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Capillarity in Fluid01:19

Capillarity in Fluid

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Capillarity describes the movement of liquid in small spaces without external forces acting on it. The capillarity is driven by surface tension and adhesive interactions between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. This effect is often seen in narrow tubes, porous materials, and fine particles.
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Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

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Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies...
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Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics01:15

Dimensionless Groups in Fluid Mechanics

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Dimensionless groups in fluid mechanics provide simplified ratios that help analyze fluid behavior without relying on specific units. The Reynolds number (Re), which represents the ratio of inertial to viscous forces, distinguishes between laminar and turbulent flows, making it essential in the design of pipelines and aerodynamic surfaces. The Froude number (Fr), the ratio of inertial to gravitational forces, is particularly useful in predicting wave formation and hydraulic jumps in...
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There are many examples of pressure in fluids in everyday life, such as in relation to blood (high or low blood pressure) and in relation to weather (high- and low-pressure weather systems). A given force can have a significantly different effect, depending on the area over which the force is exerted. For instance, a force applied to an area of 1 mm2 has a pressure that is 100 times greater than the same force applied to an area of 1 cm2. That's why a sharp needle is able to poke through...
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FSGe:一种快速和强度合的3D流体-固体-生长相互作用方法.

Martin R Pfaller1, Marcos Latorre2, Erica L Schwarz3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics - Cardiology, Stanford Univeristy, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.

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概括

一个新的计算平台,液体-固体生长 (FSGe),准确地模拟血流和血管壁的变化. 这种方法捕捉了复杂的相互作用,对于理解诸如大动脉动脉瘤等疾病至关重要.

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科学领域:

  • 计算力学是计算力学.
  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
  • 流体动力学 流体动力学

背景情况:

  • 传统的增长和重塑 (G&R) 模型简化了流体动力学,忽略了血压和壁剪应力 (WSS) 的关键变化.
  • 精确模拟血液动力学和血管适应对于理解心血管健康和疾病进展至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 引入和验证快速,开源的3D计算平台,平衡流体-固体-增长 (FSGe).
  • 为了证明FSGe在模拟血流和血管壁适应之间的机械生物学合相互作用方面的能力.
  • 突出在具有不对称刺激的场景中仅使用固体G&R模型的局限性.

主要方法:

  • 强烈合血流的3D纳维埃-斯托克斯方程与血管G&R的3D平衡受约束混合物模型 (CMMe).
  • 使用CMMe来预测长期机械生物学平衡,计算成本与超弹性模型相比.
  • 在小鼠模型中应用FSGe来模拟大动脉动脉瘤的发展.

主要成果:

  • FSGe准确地捕捉了血管组织中不断变化的几何,组成和材料特性.
  • 模拟显示,与室内压力 (IMS) 相比,WSS的局部变化更大,特别是在不对称的条件下.
  • 压力相对于WSS的影响显著影响FSGe和传统G&R模型之间观察到的差异.

结论:

  • 通过整合详细的血液动力学因素,FSGe提供了一种更全面的方法来建模血管G&R.
  • 这种平台对于模拟血管与不对称刺激和局部疾病过程特别重要.
  • 未来的应用包括模拟动脉样硬化病变形成与空间和时间WSS变化.