青少年棒球运动员体育表现和身体健康的发展模式:纵向分析
Toshiharu Tsutsui1, Jun Sakata2, Emi Nakamura3
1Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan.
Journal of sports sciences
|October 21, 2024
概括
棒球运动中的青少年体育表现显示出多样化的发展,冲刺时间在12-13岁左右加速,而其他技能则逐渐发展. 身体健康,特别是药球背投,与性能变化相关.
科学领域:
- 运动科学和生物力学
- 儿童运动生理学 运动生理学
- 青年体育发展 青年体育发展
背景情况:
- 了解青少年运动发展对于优化训练至关重要.
- 年轻运动员表现和健身的纵向数据有限.
- 棒球的表现涉及复杂的运动技能,受到身体成熟的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析青年棒球运动员关键体育表现指标的发展轨迹.
- 研究身体健康和运动表现发展的变化之间的关系.
- 确定童年和青春期早期表现变化中的特定年龄模式.
主要方法:
- 对235名棒球运动员 (6-14岁) 的纵向研究,使用557项测量.
- 运动表现的评估:球速度,击球摆动速度,30米冲刺时间.
- 身体健康的评估:医学球背投和修改的恒星出行平衡测试 (SEBT).
- 使用潜增长曲线模型和多变量回归的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 30米冲刺时间在12-13岁左右表现出加速改善.
- 球速度,摇摆速度和修改后的SEBT显示出较慢或较少加速的发展模式.
- 多变量分析表明,运动表现变化,年龄和医学球背投表现之间的积极关联.
结论:
- 青少年棒球的表现显示出不同的发展模式,包括停滞和加速的时期.
- 身体健康,特别是爆炸力 (MB背投),与运动表现的提高有关.
- 这些发现可以为年轻棒球运动员设计适合年龄的训练策略.
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