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相对年龄与成熟和体型的相互作用在女性手球天赋选择中
Zsófia Tróznai1, Katinka Utczás1, Júlia Pápai2
1Research Center for Sports Physiology, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary.
PloS one
|October 21, 2024
概括
相对年龄效应 (RAE) 仍然存在于女性手球人才的选择中,尽管有特定的体育标准. 早期成熟影响选拔,特别是通过主观教练评估,强调需要考虑人才计划中的年龄和成熟度.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人才识别 人才识别
- 人类运动 人类运动
背景情况:
- 相对年龄效应 (RAE) 和生物成熟是人才识别和选择的关键因素.
- 之前的研究表明,特定于运动的技术任务可以减少选择中的成熟和体型方面的偏差.
- 这些因素对女性手球人才选择的影响尚未完全阐明.
研究的目的:
- 调查RAEs在女手球人才选拔中的流行情况.
- 评估生物成熟度,体型和组成对选择结果的影响.
- 评估运动特定标准在缓解RAE方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对U14女手球运动员的出生分布 (N=3198) 和选择数据 (n=264选中,n=266不选中) 的分析.
- 测量包括身体尺寸,身体成分 (InBody 720),和骨年龄.
- 统计分析:千平方,ANOVA,独立的t测试和二进制逻辑回归.
主要成果:
- 在所有选拔阶段,尽管有体育特定的标准,但RAE存在.
- 骨年龄显著影响了选择 (350-400%的可能性增加),比身体大小 (12%) 或肌肉质量 (12-25%) 更多.
- 早期成熟主要影响主观教练评估,而不是运动特定的任务.
结论:
- 女性手球运动的体育特异性人才选择标准并不排除RAEs.
- 骨年龄是一个比身体大小或肌肉质量更强的选择预测因素.
- 调整年龄分组策略和纳入成熟状态是人才识别的建议.
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