前期诚信誓言在减少不诚实的有效性取决于内容
Janis H Zickfeld1, Karolina A Ścigała2, Christian T Elbæk3
1Department of Management, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. jhzickfeld@gmail.com.
Nature human behaviour
|October 21, 2024
概括
诚实誓言,承诺在采取行动之前说实话,可以显著减少逃税. 研究人员发现,在21个测试的誓言中,有10个有效制不诚实,最好的誓言几乎将逃避率减半.
科学领域:
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 公共政策 公共政策
背景情况:
- 像逃税这样的不诚实行为会给社会带来巨大的代价.
- 前期诚信誓言是拟议的干预措施,但由于结果多样化,其有效性受到争议.
- 以前的研究表明,关于诚实誓言的有效性,有不一致的发现.
研究的目的:
- 严格评估各种诚实誓言在制不诚实行为的有效性.
- 识别特定的誓言特征,以加强在激励环境中的遵守.
- 为了比较专家和平民对宣誓有效性的预测.
主要方法:
- 在Prolific.com.com上,一项涉及21,506名英国和美国参与者的大型研究.
- 参与者在网上玩了一个有激励的逃税游戏.
- 测试了21个不同的诚实誓言,包括一个基线,与没有誓言的控制条件对比.
主要成果:
- 在21个测试的诚实誓言中,有10个显著提高了税收合规性.
- 合规性改进在4.5至8.5个百分点之间.
- 最有效的誓言几乎将逃税率减半.
结论:
- 诚实誓言是有效的干预措施,以减少不诚实,特别是逃税.
- 诚实誓言的具体内容和措辞极大地影响其有效性.
- 专家和普通人对誓言有效性的预测是不准确的,突出了经验测试的必要性.
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