与麻疹,疹和风疹相关的特征在华盛顿州学校免疫法变更后的覆盖范围和豁免,2019-2020年
Tyler Moore1, Katherine Graff1, Teal R Bell1
1Washington State Department of Health, Office of Immunization, Tumwater, 98501, WA.
The Journal of school health
|October 21, 2024
概括
州立法取消了针对麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 疫苗的个人信仰豁免,导致近一半的学生完成了疫苗系列. 政策可以提高MMR覆盖率,但必须解决向其他豁免类型的转变.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫政策 免疫政策
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 全州立法取消了个人信仰豁免 (PBEs) 对于麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 疫苗接种要求.
- 了解这一政策变化对免疫行为的影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估去除PBEs对MMR免疫状态的影响.
- 为了确定与立法后寻求健康行为的相关因素.
主要方法:
- 使用了千二测试和逻辑回归.
- 分析了来自华盛顿州免疫信息系统的数据.
- 检查了与MMR PBEs和法律后免疫接种有关的个人和学校级特征.
主要成果:
- 43.0%以前有MMR PBE的学生完成了疫苗系列; 40.4%寻求其他豁免.
- 宗教豁免构成了大多数新的MMR豁免.
- 较高的MMR疫苗完成率与参加较低豁免率和较少总豁免的学校有关.
结论:
- 立法消除PBEs可以增加MMR疫苗的覆盖率.
- 父母可以用其他类型的豁免取代PBE,这是一种需要政策考虑的"替代效应".
- 有针对性的免疫政策是有效的,但必须考虑到不断变化的豁免模式.
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