快速的竞争游泳者表现出减弱的潜水反射
Naoto Fujii1,2, Yuji Ishii1, Shodai Moriyama1
1Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports
|October 22, 2024
概括
快速游泳者表现出的潜水反射,在呼吸炼期间保持更好的血液流动和心率. 这种生理适应有助于抵消竞争性50米前爬式游泳的疲劳.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 体育生理学
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 在强度炼期间屏住呼吸,比如50米前爬行游泳,可以诱导潜水反射.
- 潜水反射包括心率减慢和减少活跃肌肉血流.
- 保持大脑的氧气供应在屏息期间至关重要,以防止疲劳.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查50米前部爬行速度较快的游泳者是否在有限的呼吸中表现出的潜水反射.
- 为了比较快速和慢游泳者之间的心脏和活跃肌肉血流反应.
- 为了评估是否升高的脑输液可以抵消精英游泳者的外周和中心疲劳.
主要方法:
- 28名竞技游泳运动员在最少的呼吸时间内进行了50米前爬行计时赛.
- 根据表现,游泳者被分为快速和慢速组.
- 身体反应,包括腿部血液流动,心脏输出,心率和脑血速度,在最大自发性呼吸持久膝盖伸展练习期间进行测量.
主要成果:
- 与缓慢组相比,快速组显示腿部血流的延迟减少.
- 在快速游泳者中,心肌梗塞的发作延迟了,他们也表现出更高的最低心率和心率输出.
- 大脑血液速度 (中脑动脉平均血液速度) 在两组之间没有显著差异.
结论:
- 具有优越50米前部爬行性能 (有限的呼吸) 的竞争性游泳者表现出降低的潜水反射.
- 心脏和肌肉血流反应,而不是改变的大脑输液,是快速游泳者的特征.
- 这些发现表明,心血管调节中的生理适应有助于增强喘息游泳的表现.
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