人工智能用于临床决策:严重疏忽故杀和企业故杀
1Centre for Ethics in Medicine, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
概括
临床医生在使用人工智能系统 (AIS) 时面临着严重疏忽故杀 (GNM) 和企业故杀 (CM) 的风险. 在采用人工智能工具之前,医疗保健提供者必须考虑这些法律后果.
科学领域:
- 医疗法 法律 医疗法
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 刑事责任 刑事责任 刑事责任
背景情况:
- 人工智能系统 (AIS) 融入临床实践带来了新的法律挑战.
- 现有的不故杀人的法律框架可以应用于医疗保健专业人员使用AIS输出.
- 在人工智能驱动的医疗保健中,患者安全和问责是最重要的关注点.
研究的目的:
- 分析使用AIS的临床医生面临的严重疏忽杀人罪 (GNM) 和企业杀人罪 (CM) 的可能性.
- 在AIS的背景下,在英格兰和威尔士的法律中检查GNM和CM的要素.
- 探索这些违法行为在涉及患者在使用AIS后死亡的场景中的应用.
主要方法:
- 对 GNM 和 CM 元素的法律分析.
- 将法律原则应用于涉及AIS的假设临床场景.
- 审查相关的判例法和法规.
主要成果:
- 临床医生可能对GNM负责,如果AIS增强的错误导致患者死亡.
- 如果AIS实施中的系统性失败导致死亡,则可能会出现企业故意杀人指控.
- 使用AIS输出并不能使临床医生免于其专业责任.
结论:
- 在医疗保健中采用AIS带来了重大法律风险,包括临床医生的刑事责任.
- 在AIS实施之前,必须仔细考虑潜在的后果和强大的治理框架.
- 所有利益相关者必须理解和减轻与AIS在临床实践中相关的法律风险.
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