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相关概念视频

The Fossil Record02:56

The Fossil Record

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The fossil record documents only a small fraction of all organisms that have ever inhabited Earth. Fossilization is a rare process, and most organisms never become fossils. Moreover, the fossil record only exhibits fossils that have been discovered. Nevertheless, sedimentary rock fossils of long-lived, abundant, hard-bodied organisms dominate the fossil record. These fossils offer valuable information, such as an organism's physical form, behavior, and age. Studying the fossil record helps...
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The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

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Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
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Life Histories01:29

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What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

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Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
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Genetic Drift03:33

Genetic Drift

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Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.
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Energy Budgets00:51

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Organisms must balance energy intake with the energy required for growth, maintenance and reproduction. These trade-offs result in a variety of survivorship and reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. Semelparous species, like annual plants, have only one reproductive episode in their lifetimes and consequently have short lifespans. Iteroparous species, by contrast, have many reproductive events during their lifetimes but have relatively few offspring. These two...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Automated Lifespan Monitoring – Discovering Aging Dynamics with the Lifespan Machine
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Author Spotlight: Automated Lifespan Monitoring – Discovering Aging Dynamics with the Lifespan Machine

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化石化出生死亡模型是可以识别的.

Kate Truman1,2, Timothy G Vaughan3,4, Alex Gavryushkin1,2

  • 1Biological Data Science Laboratory, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.

Systematic biology
|October 22, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

时间依赖的出生-死亡采样模型可能无法识别. 然而,广泛使用的化石出生死亡 (FBD) 模型是可以识别的,这证明了它用于推断基因树的进化和流行病学动态的合理性.

关键词:
出生至死亡抽样模型.灭绝的灭绝是一种灭绝.化石化石化石的化石人类遗传学 遗传学种类的变化 种类的变化

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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning

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科学领域:

  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
  • 流行病学 流行病学
  • 人类遗传学 是一个学科.
  • 计算生物学是一种计算生物学.

背景情况:

  • 时间依赖的出生死亡采样模型对于推断基因树的进化和流行病学动态至关重要.
  • 一些出生-死亡采样模型存在不可识别性问题,不同速率组产生相同的树分布,阻碍参数估计.
  • 化石化出生死亡 (FBD) 模型提供了一个更现实的框架,在进化和疾病动态中考虑化石化和采样过程.

研究的目的:

  • 为了确定时间依赖的化石出生死亡 (FBD) 模型的识别性,这是一个广泛使用的家族遗传模型类别.
  • 评估依赖时间的FBD模型的参数是否可以从重建的家族遗传树单独推断出来.
  • 调查一个扩展的FBD模型的识别性,其中包含了"取样后删除"的概率.

主要方法:

  • 理论分析分支过程及其相关的概率函数.
  • 对于时间依赖的出生-死亡和FBD模型的识别条件的数学表述和评估.
  • 标准FBD模型与扩展的FBD模型之间的参数识别能力的比较,采样后删除.

主要成果:

  • 该研究表明,广泛使用的依赖时间的化石出生死亡 (FBD) 模型是可以识别的.
  • FBD模型的可识别性验证了使用该框架的时间多样化和流行病学动态的统计推断.
  • 一个扩展的依赖时间的FBD模型具有"取样后删除"的概率被证明是不可识别的.

结论:

  • 时间依赖的FBD模型是可识别的,支持其用于从族系遗传数据中对进化和流行病学过程进行可靠推断的应用.
  • FBD模型的可识别性证明了依靠它的统计方法用于重建过去的生物动态的使用.
  • 在未知样本后谱系行为的场景中,仅使用树数据来推断"样本后删除"概率与其他率一起仍然具有挑战性.