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采矿和城市化影响了河流化学水质和大无脊椎动物群落在上段的塞伦加河流域,蒙古 (修订版)
Dashdondog Narangarvuu1, Tuuguu Enkhdul2, Erdenesukh Erdenetsetseg1,3
1Department of Biology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|October 22, 2024
概括
蒙古 蒙古 蒙古 蒙古 蒙古
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 评估水质水质的评估.
背景情况:
- 蒙古的经济严重依赖采矿,导致塞伦加河流域的水质受到重大影响.
- 以前的污染研究仅限于化学分析,缺乏生物指标.
- 在蒙古的污染方面,水中无脊椎动物群体的研究不足.
研究的目的:
- 将生物监测与水质数据相结合,以全面评估蒙古河流污染情况.
- 评估水中无脊椎动物作为水质生物指标的有效性.
- 确定影响宏无脊椎动物群落的关键环境因素.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自图尔,哈拉和奥尔孔河流系统的36个地点的水样,环境数据和宏观无脊椎动物.
- 使用主要成分分析 (PCA) 来根据污染物类型 (营养素,盐离子,金属) 分类水质.
- 雇员冗余性分析 (RDA) 用于确定环境因素与宏无脊椎动物群体结构之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的污染物组:营养物质,盐离子/采矿副产品和重金属,其中金属经常超过标准.
- 随着污染影响的增加,宏观无脊椎动物物种多样性显著下降.
- 宏观无脊椎动物的组成是由高度,总,溶解氧,电导率和水化学组成的.
结论:
- 水生宏观无脊椎动物是有效和经济高效的生物指标,用于监测蒙古的水质.
- 该研究强调需要综合化学和生物监测计划.
- 建议包括蒙古政府建立长期水质监测计划.
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