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相关概念视频

Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.5K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.5K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.6K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.6K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.6K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.6K
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

5.5K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.5K
pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

52.6K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
52.6K
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

8.4K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
8.4K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection
11:32

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection

Published on: December 4, 2010

15.3K

对真核mRNA编码潜力的评估

Alex V Kochetov1,2,3

  • 1Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia. ak@bionet.nsc.ru.

Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|October 22, 2024
PubMed
概括

细胞信使RNAs (mRNAs) 可以编码多种蛋白质,但许多替代的开放阅读框架 (altORFs) 仍然没有注释. 简单的方法可以帮助绘制这些altORF,改善基因组和转录基因组数据的解释.

科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.

背景情况:

  • 众所周知,真核细胞信使RNAs (mRNAs) 编码多种功能性多.
  • 下一代测序 (NGS) 和蛋白质组学已经确定了许多替代的开放阅读框架 (altORF).
  • 传统的数据库通常会注释单个编码序列 (CDS) 的真核mRNA在值以上,可能缺少altORFs.

研究的目的:

  • 突出未注释的altORFs在理解基因功能的重要性.
  • 解决当前注释在解释基因组学和转录组学数据方面的局限性.
  • 引入简单的方法,用于初步地图的altORFs.

主要方法:

  • 审查NGS和蛋白质组学最近的进展.
  • 在主要核酸序列数据库中分析当前的注释实践.
  • 探索用于altORFs的初步绘图技术.

主要成果:

  • 关于潜在的altORF存在大量数据,但不完整.
  • 大多数注释的真核RNA只包含一个CDS.
  • 未注释的altORF可能编码对基因功能至关重要的蛋白质.
关键词:
基因工程是基因工程.翻译 翻译 翻译 翻译mRNA特征的mRNA特征是什么在ORF预测预测.

更多相关视频

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
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De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection
11:32

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection

Published on: December 4, 2010

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De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data
08:23

De novo Identification of Actively Translated Open Reading Frames with Ribosome Profiling Data

Published on: February 18, 2022

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
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Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

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  • 目前的序列数据库可能会限制基因组和转录组数据的解释,因为缺少altORF信息.

    • 结论:

    • 准确预测altORFs需要专门的实验.
    • 简单的方法为初步的altORF绘制提供了一种可行的方法.
    • 改进的altORF注释对于全面解释基因组和转录基因组数据至关重要.