在联邦资格医疗中心中未被认可的认知障碍的患病率
Ambar Kulshreshtha1, Erik S Parker2, Nicole R Fowler3,4,5,6
1Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA network open
|October 22, 2024
概括
对老年人来说,早期发现认知障碍至关重要. 这项研究发现了高比例的未被认可的认知障碍,特别是在少数群体和社会弱势群体中,突出了公平查的需要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知障碍影响着老年人口中的很大一部分.
- 早期和公平地发现认知障碍对于及时干预和护理至关重要.
- 联邦合格卫生中心 (FQHCs) 服务于多样化,往往服务不足的社区.
研究的目的:
- 确定在FQHCs接受初级保健的老年人中未被识别的认知障碍 (轻度认知障碍[MCI]或痴呆症) 的患病率.
- 为了确定不同种族和种族群体在认知障碍检测方面的差异.
- 为制定公平查策略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及204名65岁以上没有先前MCI或痴呆症诊断的成年人的横截面研究,从印第安纳波利斯的5个FQHC中招募.
- 认知状态由一个跨学科团队通过采访,医疗记录和神经心理测试来评估.
- 统计分析比较了不同人口群体的认知障碍率,并根据相关因素进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 超过一半 (52.9%) 的参与者患有MCI,12.3%患有痴呆症,这表明广泛的未被识别的认知障碍.
- 与非西班牙裔白人相比,非洲裔美国人患MCI或痴呆的可能性是非西班牙裔白人两倍以上,即使调整了年龄,性别和教育程度.
- 参与者通常来自处于高度不利地位的社区 (平均区域贫困指数得分为78.3).
结论:
- 在FQHC中,未被认可的认知障碍在老年人中非常普遍,特别是在代表性不足的种族和种族群体以及社会脆弱人群中.
- 在检测认知障碍方面存在显著差异,需要有针对性的方法.
- 开发及时,公平,可扩展和可持续的检测方法对于解决这些差异至关重要.
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