明天的恶魔:对与新兴技术相关的风险进行范围审查
Paul M Salmon1, Brandon J King1, Isaiah Elstak1
1Centre for Human Factors and Sociotechnical Systems, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Ergonomics
|October 22, 2024
概括
新兴技术带来了重大风险. 本次审查确定了十个风险主题,并建议扩大风险评估,包括更广泛的社会系统,以改善未来技术安全.
科学领域:
- 技术风险评估 技术风险评估
- 新兴技术 新兴技术
- 社会技术系统 社会技术系统
背景情况:
- 先进的新兴技术对社会构成复杂的风险.
- 缺乏对这些风险的全面概述和适当的识别方法.
- 现有的讨论往往侧重于特定的风险,而不是整体的观点.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于新兴技术相关风险的知识.
- 确定适合未来风险识别的方法.
- 为从业人员提供支持主动控制发展的概述.
主要方法:
- 进行了范围审查,以映射有关新兴技术风险的现有研究.
- 识别和分类流行风险主题.
- 标志性人体工程学方法适用于未来的风险评估.
主要成果:
- 确定了十个关键风险主题:人类健康,不合格的技术,法律/道德,隐私/安全,社会经济,生态,恶意使用,地缘政治,技术失业和生存威胁.
- 突出了文献中考虑的各种技术和相关风险.
- 发现需要将潜在风险评估范围扩大到技术之外,包括组织,社会技术和社会系统.
结论:
- 对新兴技术风险的全面理解需要考虑更广泛的系统影响.
- 预期风险评估应整合组织,社会技术和社会因素.
- 建议制定未来技术风险分类方案,以提高安全性.
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