无活化疫苗在COVID-19患者具有并发症的真实世界中的有效性
Hao Zhang1, Hua-Fang Yan2, Wu-Jun Xiong3
1Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai 201399, China.
Journal of infection in developing countries
|October 22, 2024
概括
无活化疫苗可以防止严重的COVID-19和伴随疾病患者的不良结果. 接种疫苗对所有人群至关重要,包括那些有潜在疾病的人群,以防止疾病的进展.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 疫苗在免疫功能受损的个体中的有效性是一个重大问题.
- 伴随性疾病可能会损害免疫对疫苗接种的反应.
- 了解疫苗在弱势群体中的有效性对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估非活化疫苗对COVID-19严重性和预后的保护作用.
- 评估伴随疾病患者接种疫苗的必要性.
- 在Omicron变种感染中分析疫苗的有效性.
主要方法:
- 现实世界的回顾性队列研究.
- 从2022年4月到6月收集的数据.
- 对3,996名COVID-19患者的人口特征,症状,临床严重程度和结果的分析.
主要成果:
- 33.1%的患者患有并发症,随着年龄的增长,疫苗接种率的降低和住院时间的延长而出现.
- 伴随性疾病患者的严重危急疾病率更高.
- 两剂或两剂以上的非活化疫苗显著降低了病情恶化的风险,并在并发症和非并发症组中减少了复合终点.
结论:
- 无活化疫苗 (≥2剂量) 防止了受Omicron感染的患者的病情恶化和不良预后,无论伴随疾病如何.
- 研究结果支持在高度接种疫苗的人群中最大限度地提高无活化疫苗的覆盖率.
- 对于患有潜在疾病的个人来说,建议接种疫苗,以减轻COVID-19的风险.
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