自由的长链脂肪酸通过抑制mTORC1来触发饥饿的Caenorhabditis elegans的早期胚胎后发育
Meiyu Ruan1, Fan Xu1, Na Li1
1School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.
PLoS biology
|October 22, 2024
概括
饮食中的棕酸,而不是葡萄糖或氨基酸,在营养稀缺的情况下触发了Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) 的早期发展. 这种脂肪酸作为一个信号分子,而不仅仅是能量,在已知的营养检查点之前启动发育.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 分子内分泌学分子内分泌学
- 营养信号传递 营养信号传递
背景情况:
- 胚胎后发育传统上被视为内部编程.
- 宏观营养素历来只被认为是能源和生物质.
- 对特定营养素在发育过程中的作用的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究特定饮食成分在启动早期胚胎后发育中的作用.
- 阐明营养素发育信号的分子机制.
- 确定营养素是否可以作为主要的发育触发剂.
主要方法:
- 利用线虫C. elegans作为一个模型生物体.
- 在巨量营养素缺乏的情况下,单次服用食补充剂 (棕酸,葡萄糖,氨基酸).
- 通过形态,细胞,行为和转录组分析评估发育进展.
- 研究了涉及核激素受体 (NHR-49/80) 和胰岛素信号的分子通路.
主要成果:
- 单独的棕酸在C. elegans中启动了早期的胚胎后发育,独立于能量供应.
- 发育启动发生在L1营养检查点之前.
- 棕酸激活了NHR-49/80,导致了来自过氧体的激素信号.
- 这种信号调节了类似胰岛素的神经分泌和下游通路.
- mTORC1负调节了这种由棕酸诱导的发育启动.
结论:
- 自由脂肪酸,特别是棕酸,作为主要信号,以启动C. elegans的早期胚胎后发育.
- 营养信号,而不是仅仅是内部遗传程序,可以是发展的初始动力.
- 揭示了一个新的机制,其中特定的营养素通过荷尔蒙信号通路作为发育线索.
相关概念视频
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
3.7K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
3.7K
PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway
3.4K
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast, mTORC2 consists of a...
3.4K
Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways
7.2K
Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
7.2K


