内皮β1-整体素是微血管功能和葡萄糖吸收所必需的
Nathan C Winn1, Deborah A Roby1, P Mason McClatchey1
1Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.
American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism
|October 23, 2024
概括
内皮整体蛋白β1 (itgβ1) 对于微血管功能至关重要. 它的减少会损害血液流动和葡萄糖的吸收,导致骨肌肉的胰岛素抵抗.
科学领域:
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
背景情况:
- 微血管向肌细胞输送胰岛素是胰岛素刺激肌肉葡萄糖吸收的速度限制步骤.
- 整体蛋白,跨膜粘附受体,调节毛细管的结构完整性. 整合素β1 (itgβ1) 子单元在内皮细胞 (ECs) 中表达高.
研究的目的:
- 研究EC itgβ1在微循环功能和葡萄糖吸收,特别是骨肌肉中的作用.
- 为了确定EC itgβ1的损失是否会导致"分娩"介导的胰岛素耐药性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种itgβ1倒置小鼠模型 (itgβ1fl/flSCLcre) 来研究EC itgβ1功能.
- 使用静脉内显微镜进行量化微循环血液动力学.
- 评估胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取量,使用高胰岛素性-高血糖.
主要成果:
- 患有itgβ1倒置的小鼠表现出毛细血管流速,流量异质性和毛细血管密度的缺陷.
- 胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖吸收受损,尽管胰岛素有足够的 transcapillary efflux.
- 减少葡萄糖吸收是由于输液限制的葡萄糖输送而导致的.
结论:
- 内皮细胞itgβ1对于维持微循环功能至关重要.
- EC itgβ1是满足胰岛素刺激的代谢需求所必需的.
- 减少EC itgβ1表达导致微循环功能障碍和胰岛素抵抗.
更多相关视频
08:16In Vivo Study of Human Endothelial-Pericyte Interaction Using the Matrix Gel Plug Assay in Mouse
Published on: December 19, 2016
9.6K
09:39Development and Characterization of In Vitro Microvessel Network and Quantitative Measurements of Endothelial [Ca2+]i and Nitric Oxide Production
Published on: May 19, 2016
8.6K
相关概念视频
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply
2.5K
Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits. Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
2.5K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions
2.6K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
Some...
2.6K
Integrins
3.8K
Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
Some ECM proteins assemble into a basement membrane to which the remaining components adhere. Proteoglycans typically form the bulk of the ECM while fibrous proteins, like collagen,...
3.8K
Mechanism of Angiogenesis
5.3K
Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
5.3K
Selectins
3.3K
Cell adhesion is an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
3.3K
Activation of Integrins
3.3K
Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
In "outside-in signaling," external factors in the extracellular space bind to exposed ligand binding sites on integrins. This causes the inactive protein to undergo a conformational change to become active. Integrins are often clustered on the cell membrane. Repetitive and regularly spaced ligand binding...
3.3K
