在初级保健中评估精神疾病的查工具:系统性审查
Bernadette Neulinger1, Christopher Ebert1,2, Kirsten Lochbühler1,2
1Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
The European journal of general practice
|October 23, 2024
概括
一般医生需要准确和快速的心理健康查工具. 这次审查确定了11种工具,主要评估多种疾病,具有足够的诊断准确性和初级保健的时间效率. 建议对广泛的精神疾病结构进行进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 一般实践 一般实践
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 一般医生需要高效和准确的查工具,用于各种心理健康状况.
- 目前在初级保健中对精神疾病的管理可以通过更好的诊断工具来改进.
- 对于具有诊断精确性和时间效率的全面评估工具的需求至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和识别用于初级保健中心理健康评估的查工具.
- 根据其诊断准确性和时间效率来评估查工具.
- 为了确定多重精神障碍或跨诊断方法是否更有效.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (MEDLINE,Embase,Cochrane图书馆,Psyndex,PsycINFO) 进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 研究包括在初级保健机构使用多重精神障碍或跨诊断查工具的成年患者.
- 诊断准确性是通过灵敏度,特异性和预测值来衡量的; 时间效率是通过项目数和完成时间来评估的.
主要成果:
- 十一项研究符合系统审查的纳入标准.
- 大多数已识别的查工具单独评估多种精神障碍; 一个子集使用了跨诊断方法.
- 大多数工具表现出足够的灵敏度和特异性,并且所有工具都被发现是时间效率高的.
结论:
- 这11个已识别的查工具可以帮助全科医生识别患有心理健康问题的患者.
- 在审查的工具中,心理病理学的诊断范围存在显著的异质性.
- 未来的发展应该专注于初级保健的查工具,这些工具应解决广泛的精神疾病结构,包括跨诊断因素和人格功能障碍.
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