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在印度中部的风景中,分散的老虎的多相运动和阶段选择模式
Supratim Dutta1, Ramesh Krishnamurthy1,2
1Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.
PloS one
|October 23, 2024
概括
在以人类为主导的景观中,老虎的分散受到人类造成的压力的影响. 保护工作必须专注于维护森林走廊,并尽量减少人类干扰,以确保老虎的生存.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 由于广泛的息地需求和分散,大肉食动物的保护需要景观层面的方法.
- 了解老虎在人类主导的景观中的移动和适应,对于有效的保护计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究在人类主导的景观中分散的老虎的移动行为和息地选择.
- 确定影响老虎散播的因素,包括人为压力,植被覆盖面和水的可用性.
主要方法:
- 利用了十多年来 (2009-2020年) 五只老虎的VHF/GPS拼接数据.
- 采用隐藏的马尔科夫模型来分析行为状态 (露营,旅行) 和运动参数.
- 应用阶段选择函数,以评估环境因素对老虎移动的影响.
主要成果:
- 老虎表现出明显的旅行 (~68%) 和露营 (~32%) 行为,在夜间更高的流离失所.
- 分散的老虎在非森林地区的步伐较长,移动速度更快,可能是为了避免人类冲突.
- 虎更喜欢森林地区,特别是在夜间,并避免人类主导的景观;减少人为干扰和高植被覆盖面对分散产生了积极影响.
结论:
- 研究结果强调了功能走廊和脚石对于老虎散播的重要性.
- 结果为综合景观管理和政策制定提供了必要的基线数据,以确保老虎大群生存.
- 保护战略应优先考虑尽量减少人类干扰,并保持广泛的食肉动物的息地连接.
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