在非工业化人口中,整个生命过程中的主观幸福感
Michael Gurven1, Yoann Buoro1, Daniel Eid Rodriguez1,2
1Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
Science advances
|October 23, 2024
概括
主观幸福感 (SWB) 在成年时并不总是遵循U形模式. 这项研究发现,在多样化的生存人口中,SWB轨迹各不相同,挑战了关于衰老和福祉的先前假设.
科学领域:
- 跨文化心理学跨文化心理学
- 人类学是人类学.
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
背景情况:
- 主观幸福感 (SWB) 通常以成年期的U形轨迹为特征,中年期的下降随后增加.
- 这种模式在高收入国家经常被观察到,但在非西方的农村生存人口中不太了解.
- "衰老的悖论"描述了尽管与年龄相关的挑战,但在晚年生活中改善了SWB.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同农村生计社会主观福祉 (SWB) 的年龄特征.
- 检查通常观察到的U形SWB轨迹是否适用于具有不同社会生态背景的人群.
- 探索文化和社会生态对整个生命周期的幸福感的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自三个不同的群体的SWB数据:小规模的生存社会 (n=468),低收入国家的森林使用者 (n=6987),和Tsimane'园艺家 (n=1872).
- 使用各种统计规范评估SWB年龄档案.
- 经过对潜在的混因素进行调整后,对年龄影响的评估.
主要成果:
- 在研究的生存人口中观察到SWB年龄概况的显著变化.
- 在SWB中没有与年龄相关的差异的确定的实例,甚至是反转的U形轨迹.
- 发现对混因素的调整降低了对SWB观察到的年龄影响的幅度.
结论:
- 主观幸福的典型U形轨迹并不普遍,在不同的文化和社会生态环境中存在很大差异.
- 成功的衰老和福祉受到文化和环境因素的复杂相互作用的影响,而不仅仅是年龄.
- 未来的研究应该优先考虑了解这些决定因素,以更好地支持整个生命的幸福轨迹.
相关概念视频
Traits, Mood, and Subjective Wellbeing
62
Subjective well-being (SWB) refers to an individual's self-evaluation of their overall life satisfaction, happiness, and fulfillment. This multifaceted construct is typically assessed by analyzing the balance of positive and negative emotions alongside perceptions of life satisfaction. Personality traits such as neuroticism and extraversion are strongly associated with variations in SWB, offering critical insights into the underlying mechanisms of emotional well-being.
Neuroticism and...
Neuroticism and...
62
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adulthood
64
Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines a series of stages through which individuals progress across the lifespan. Each stage involves a psychosocial conflict that significantly influences personal growth and well-being. Three key stages — intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair — highlight the developmental challenges faced in adulthood.
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
64
Longitudinal Research
11.9K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
11.9K
Dimensions of Health and Illness
7.1K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
7.1K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.2K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.2K
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
280
A thorough health history and physical assessment are essential for identifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) symptoms and distinguishing them from other health issues.
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
280


