圣保罗儿童免疫接种的看法:定量-定性横截面研究
Lucas de Brito Costa1, Carolina Nunes França2, Luiz Henrique da Silva Nali3
1Master's student, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade de Santo Amaro (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil.
Sao Paulo medical journal = Revista paulista de medicina
|October 23, 2024
概括
巴西的疫苗犹受护理人员人口统计和对COVID-19疫苗的不信任的影响,导致儿童免疫接种延迟. 解决这些障碍对于公共卫生至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 免疫科学 免疫科学
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
背景情况:
- 疫苗接种犹是一个全球性问题,影响了常规免疫接种和COVID-19等新型疫苗.
- 在巴西,尽管有强大的国家免疫计划,但疫苗信心面临错误信息,害怕副作用和便利性问题所带来的挑战.
- 反疫苗运动的影响力越来越大,进一步复杂化公共卫生工作.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童拒绝和犹疫苗背后的原因,包括COVID-19疫苗.
- 为了比较影响父母和照顾者的疫苗接种决定的社会人口因素.
- 了解0-12岁儿童对疫苗的态度.
主要方法:
- 从2023年1月到4月,在巴西圣保罗进行了一项横截面研究.
- 在例行儿科咨询期间,向150名家长/照顾者 (50人/地点) 进行了问卷调查,以尽量减少选择偏差.
- 收集的数据集中在疫苗犹,对儿童和COVID-19疫苗的态度以及社会人口统计信息上.
主要成果:
- 护理人员的性别,种族,收入,教育和宗教显著影响了接种疫苗的态度.
- 观察到拒绝季节性疫苗的显著增加和对COVID-19疫苗有效性的显著不信任 (52%),以及对副作用的担忧.
- 虽然直接拒绝并不常见,但58%的参与者在疫苗接种计划中经历了显著的延迟.
结论:
- 儿童健康决策受到父母/照顾者的态度和疫苗信心的关键影响.
- 需要量身定制的卫生政策和有针对性的干预措施,以解决不信任的具体原因,并促进儿童免疫.
- 建立对疫苗安全性和有效性的信任对于保持高免疫率至关重要.
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