长期的认知训练可以提高MCI患者的流体认知和大脑连接
Elveda Gozdas1, Bárbara Avelar-Pereira1,2, Hannah Fingerhut1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Translational psychiatry
|October 23, 2024
概括
多领域认知训练 (CT) 显著改善了在患有无记忆性轻度认知障碍 (aMCI) 的人群中的流体认知和大脑连接. 这项为期6个月的干预也有助于延迟与阿尔茨海默病风险相关的结构性大脑变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 轻度认知障碍 (aMCI) 是阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 的重要危险因素.
- 目前针对aMCI的干预措施往往是短暂的,针对单个认知领域,或缺乏积极的控制.
- 多领域认知训练 (CT) 显示了减缓认知衰退和延迟AD发病的潜力.
研究的目的:
- 研究6个月多域CT对MCI患者的流体认知,功能连接和白质微观结构的影响.
- 将多域CT的结果与十字词训练 (CW) 控制组和健康对照组 (HCs) 进行比较.
主要方法:
- 一个单盲随机对照试验,涉及60名患有aMCI的参与者,被分配到多域CT或CW.
- 主要结局包括流体认知的变化和记忆和执行网络中的功能连接.
- 二级结局是白质微结构性质,使用扩散张力成像进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与CW组和HC组相比,多域CT组在流体认知方面表现出显著的改善.
- CT导致背侧前额叶皮层 (DLPFC) 和下皮层 (IPC) 网络的功能连接性增加,而CW显示下降.
- CT组的白质纤维密度 (FD) 降低速度较慢,特别是在像环膜-海马体这样的区域,这与更好的工作记忆相关.
结论:
- 长期,多域CT是有效提高认知功能和功能性大脑连接在个人的aMCI.
- 这种干预似乎可以缓解与aMCI相关的结构性大脑衰退.
- 研究结果表明,多域CT可能是延缓阿尔茨海默病进展的可行策略.
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