一个普遍存在的微病毒群体在全球海洋中的多样性和分布
Ying Wu1, Zuqing Wu1, Luyuan Guo1
1College of JunCao Science and Ecology (College of Carbon Neutrality), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
Communications biology
|October 24, 2024
概括
这项研究确定了新的海洋Microviridae菌体感染Roseobacter,扩大了对Occultatumvirinae多样性的知识. 这些海洋病毒分布在全球,其中一些子组非常普遍和无处不在.
科学领域:
- 海洋微生物学 海洋微生物学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 微病毒菌体是海洋环境中大量存在的小型单链DNA病毒.
- 感染海洋球菌的微病毒菌体的多样性和生态作用尚不清楚.
- 目前的知识仅限于少数孤立的食菌.
研究的目的:
- 为了表征感染Roseobacter的新型Microviridae菌体.
- 为了研究 Occultatumvirinae 子家族的多样性和分布.
- 评估海洋食菌的生态意义.
主要方法:
- 对六种孤立的食动物进行了基因组和遗传学分析.
- 从环境数据集中对232个未培养的病毒基因组 (UViGs) 的生物信息分析.
- 读取Meta-omics读取映射以确定菌体分布和流行率.
主要成果:
- 六个新的食菌被确定为Occultatumvirinae亚家族的成员.
- 发现了232个额外的Occultatumvirinae UViG,揭示了11个不同的子组.
- 隐性病毒菌体分布在全球,其中两个低G+C分组是最常见的.
- 来自小组2的一个菌体表现出极端的无处不在.
结论:
- 这项研究显著扩大了已知的海洋Occultatumvirinae微型病毒的多样性.
- 在海洋生态系统中,Occultatumvirinae菌体在全球范围内发挥着重要的作用.
- 这些发现凸显了这些以前研究不足的病毒对生态的影响.
相关概念视频
Diversity of Protists IV
1
Amoebozoa represent a diverse group of terrestrial and aquatic protists that utilize lobe-shaped pseudopodia for locomotion and feeding. This characteristic differentiates them from the Rhizaria, which possess threadlike pseudopodia. The primary classifications within Amoebozoa include gymnamoebas, entamoebas, and the plasmodial and cellular slime molds. Phylogenetic evidence indicates that Amoebozoa diverged from a lineage that ultimately gave rise to fungi and animals.Gymnamoebas and...
1
Diversity of Protists I
1
Excavata is a diverse group of protists that includes both chemoorganotrophic and phototrophic species, with some thriving in anaerobic environments. Among the key groups within Excavata are diplomonads and parabasalids, which are flagellated protists that lack mitochondria and chloroplasts. These microorganisms typically inhabit anoxic environments, such as the intestines of animals, where they exist either symbiotically or as parasites, relying on fermentation for energy production. Some...
1
Viruses of Archaea
Archaeal viruses play a crucial role in the ecosystems of extremophilic archaea, particularly those belonging to the phyla Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. By shaping host evolution and facilitating gene transfer, these viruses influence microbial communities and contribute to genetic diversity in extreme environments. The archaea they infect thrive in acidic hot springs and hydrothermal vents characterized by high temperatures and low pH. Archaeal viruses exhibit remarkable structural...
Diversity of Protists II
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
Diversity of Archaea I
2
Archaea, a domain of single-celled microorganisms, are classified into five major phyla based on genetic and biochemical characteristics: Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, Korarchaeota, and Nanoarchaeota. Among these, the phylum Euryarchaeota is notable for its remarkable diversity in morphology, metabolism, and ecological adaptations.Morphological and Metabolic DiversityMembers of Euryarchaeota exhibit a variety of cellular shapes, including rods and cocci. Their metabolic pathways...
2
Retroviruses
12.2K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
12.2K


