在意大利,与饮食有关的癌症
Federica Turati1, Gianfranco Alicandro2,3, Giulia Collatuzzo4
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Department of Excellence 2023-2027, Branch of Medical Statistics, Biometry and Epidemiology "G.A. Maccacaro", University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
International journal of cancer
|October 24, 2024
概括
不健康的饮食对意大利的癌症病例和死亡有很大影响. 虽然饮食对癌症的负担很大,但与其他高收入国家相比,饮食对癌症的负担较低,这可能是由于地中海饮食.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 饮食是癌症的可修改风险因素.
- 之前对饮食相关癌症负担的评估并没有特别关注2020年意大利.
研究的目的:
- 评估2020年意大利因饮食而导致的癌症病例和死亡.
- 为了比较意大利与其他高收入国家与饮食相关的癌症负担.
主要方法:
- 利用世界癌症研究基金/美国癌症研究所持续更新"令人信服"或"可能"的饮食与癌症关联的项目发现.
- 从全国调查 (大约2005年) 中从元分析和饮食摄入量中获取相对风险.
- 使用国家登记册 (2020) 计算出特定性别人口归因分数 (PAF) 和估计的归因癌症病例和死亡人数,滞后期为15年.
主要成果:
- 不健康的饮食占男性癌症病例的6.3%,女性癌症病例的4.5%.
- 结直肠癌的特定PAF包括加工肉 (10.5%的男性,7.0%的女性),红肉 (3.3%的男性,2.0%的女性),低乳制品 (4.8%的男性,4.3%的女性) 和低纤维 (7.9%的男性,9.0%的女性).
- 低摄入非粉蔬菜和水果导致男性0.8%-16.5%的消化道癌症,女性0.6%-17.8%.
结论:
- 在意大利,因不良饮食习惯造成的癌症负担很大.
- 与其他高收入国家相比,这种负担似乎较低,这可能反映出地中海饮食模式的保护作用.
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