利用可解释的人工智能使患者与临床试验相匹配:使用I期瘤学试验的概念验证试点研究
Satanu Ghosh1, Hassan Mohammed Abushukair2, Arjun Ganesan3
1Department of Computer Science, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America.
PloS one
|October 24, 2024
概括
本研究介绍了一种使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 的可解释AI系统,以匹配患者与癌症临床试验的第一阶段,提高招聘效率和药物开发. 人工智能显示了高质量的患者试验匹配的有希望的结果.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 临床试验招聘 临床试验招聘
背景情况:
- 针对癌症临床试验第一阶段的患者招募面临重大挑战,影响药物开发效率.
- 现有的将患者与试验匹配的方法往往缺乏透明度和效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估使用自然语言处理 (NLP) 进行可解释的AI系统,用于将患者与第一阶段瘤学临床试验匹配.
- 提高早期瘤学研究中患者试验匹配的效率和质量.
主要方法:
- 一个原型的人工智能系统使用现代NLP技术开发,以匹配患者记录与1期瘤学临床试验协议.
- 匹配考虑了四个关键标准:癌症类型,性能状态,遗传突变和可测量的疾病.
- 该系统提供与解释相匹配的分数,使用合成数据对域专家基础真相进行评估.
主要成果:
- 人工智能系统的精度为73.68%,回忆率为56%,准确率为77.78%,特异性为89.36%.
- 发现的关键错误来源包括缩写模糊性和上下文误解.
- 当没有匹配的证据被发现时,系统没有证明有假阳性匹配.
结论:
- 可解释的人工智能提供了一个有前途的方法,以提高患者试验匹配效率和质量在第一阶段瘤学.
- 这种基于NLP的系统代表了一种新的,公开可用的工具,用于优化早期瘤学试验的患者选择.
- 需要进一步开发以解决已识别的错误来源并提高系统性能.
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