在模仿者身上,颜色的演变是由人类驱动的
Steven Ni1, Graham A McCulloch1, Gracie C Kroos1
1University of Otago, Department of Zoology, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand.
概括
大规模的森林砍伐导致野生昆虫的颜色迅速而反复变化, 这种由人类引起的进化表明物种如何快速适应环境变化和生态相互作用的变化.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学
- 生态学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 快速适应对于物种在全球变化中的生存至关重要.
- 人类对野生进化的影响尚不完全理解.
- 森林砍伐是环境的重大变化.
研究的目的:
- 研究森林砍伐对野生昆虫进化的影响.
- 确定昆虫的颜色变化是否与息地变化有关.
- 确定这些适应性色彩变化的遗传基础.
主要方法:
- 对1200个昆虫标本进行色彩和遗传变异的分析.
- 在森林和森林砍伐的息地进行捕食实验.
- 基因组分析侧重于"木"的位置.
主要成果:
- 森林砍伐造成了多种昆虫的颜色变化.
- 昆虫的颜色变化模仿了有毒森林石的警告色彩.
- "木"的位置显示了跨血统的重复选择,控制了色彩多态性.
- 颜色表型的适应性在森林和森林砍伐地区之间有显著差异.
结论:
- 人类造成的森林砍伐导致了野生种群的快速,可重复的进化变化.
- 变化的物种相互作用,如模仿,是这种适应的关键机制.
- 这项研究强调了快速适应环境突然变化的能力.
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