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一种人类肠道的Faecalibacterium prausnitzii脂肪酸胺酶

Jiye Cheng^1,2, Siddarth Venkatesh^1,2, Ke Ke^1,2

¹The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 24, 2024

概括

一种来自肠道细菌的新型酶,脂肪酸胺酶 (FAAH),有助于调节生物活性分子. 这一发现为改善儿童成长和肠道健康提供了潜在的新策略.

科学领域:

微生物学
生物化学
人类营养

背景情况:

孟加拉儿童的营养不良与肠道微生物组合的破坏有关.
微生物群导向补充食品 (MDCF) 显著改善了营养不良儿童的生长.

研究的目的:

来自肠道细菌Faecalibacterium prausnitzii的一个脂肪酸胺酶 (FAAH) 的特征.
研究这种酶在调节生物活性分子中的作用及其对儿童生长的潜在影响.

主要方法:

从大肠杆菌表达和净化了FAAH酶.
对包括神经递质和定量感应分子在内的各种N- 乙胺进行了酶活性测试.
用FAAH代谢物 (N-oleoylarginine和N-oleolyhistidine) 治疗没有细菌的小鼠,以评估对肠道免疫力的影响.
从接受MDCF的孟加拉儿童的便样本中分析了OEA水平和F. prausnitziiFAAH的丰度.

主要成果:

有特征的FAAH酶将N-乙胺像Oleoylethanolamide (OEA) 这样水解并合成N-乙氨基酸.
用N-oleoylarginine和N-oleolyhistidine治疗改变了小鼠的肠道免疫基因表达.
在儿童中,MDCF的使用降低了便中的OEA水平.
便中的OEA水平与F. prausnitziiFAAH的丰度和表达有负相关性.

结论:

细菌FAAH酶在结构和催化上与哺乳动物FAAH不同.
这种酶在调节生物活性分子方面发挥作用,包括OEA,一个腹因素.
这些发现表明,通过MDCF,肠道微生物群的调节可以影响宿主生理和生长.

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