瑞典精神病院的住院患者自杀 - 从护理角度进行的回顾性探索性研究
My Lindberg1, Charlotta Sunnqvist1,2, Anne-Marie Wangel3
1The Region Skåne Committee on Psychiatry, Habilitation and Technical Aids, Malmö, Sweden.
Issues in mental health nursing
|October 24, 2024
概括
住院自杀很少见,但可以预防. 加强监督,特别是在精神病治疗的早期,对于减少住院患者自杀死亡至关重要.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 医疗记录分析 医疗记录分析
背景情况:
- 自杀在瑞典仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,每年约有1200人死亡.
- 虽然住院自杀很少发生,但它强调了精神病医院内需要严格的安全协议的必要性.
研究的目的:
- 追溯分析精神病医院住院护理期间因自杀而死亡的个人的自杀风险,安全措施和患者特征的文档.
- 为了比较之前有或没有自杀企图的患者之间记录的自杀风险因素和干预措施.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的回顾性研究分析了2015年在精神病医院住院治疗期间因自杀而死亡的41名患者的医疗记录.
- 数据提取的重点是记录的自杀变量,以前的自杀企图,诊断,风险评估,监督水平和死亡时的情况.
主要成果:
- 在80%的病例中记录了自杀变量,59%的人有自杀尝试史,63%的人被诊断为情绪障碍.
- 在41%的患者中,自杀风险较高;吊死/窒息是最常见的方法 (68%).
- 22%的患者在入院后24小时内死亡,三分之一的患者在同意的假期内死亡,没有患者有持续的一对一监督.
结论:
- 这些发现突显了监督的严重缺陷,特别是在住院精神病治疗的初始阶段.
- 实施加强的高层监督,特别是对高风险患者和入院后不久的监督,对于心理医疗机构的自杀预防至关重要.
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