印度6-23个月龄段儿童的最低饮食多样性失败和相关因素的区域模式
Gaurav Gunnal1, Dhruvi Bagaria2, Sudeshna Roy3
1Department of Statistics, International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS), Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Opposite Sanjona Chamber, Mumbai 400088, Maharashtra, India.
The National medical journal of India
|October 24, 2024
概括
最低饮食多样性缺陷 (MDDF) 影响77.1%的6-23个月龄的印度儿童,比2005年减少. 关键因素包括孕产妇教育和获得卫生服务,突出了改善营养计划的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
背景情况:
- 营养不良导致全球35%的儿童死亡和11%的疾病负担.
- 印度面临着重大挑战,三分之一的儿童体重不足/发育迟缓,五分之一的儿童浪费了.
- 最低饮食多样性失败 (MDDF) 是婴儿和幼儿营养不良的关键指标.
研究的目的:
- 分析6-23个月龄的印度儿童中MDDF的患病率,趋势和决定因素.
- 通过使用国家调查数据,检查印度不同地区的饮食模式.
- 确定与MDDF相关的因素,以告知有针对性的干预措施.
主要方法:
- 利用国家家庭和健康调查 (NFHS) 数据 (2005-06至2019-21) 的多变量和描述性统计分析.
- 对6-23个月龄儿童的8个食物组的饮食模式进行了检查.
- 评估了MDDF患病率的趋势和区域差异.
主要成果:
- 印度的整体MDDF从87.4% (2005-06) 减少到77.1% (2019-21).
- 中部地区在2019-21年表现出最高的MDDF流行率 (84.6%).
- 增加MDDF可能性的因素包括文盲/农村母亲,没有大众媒体曝光,第一个出生顺序,缺乏Anganwadi/ICDS服务,低出生体重,贫血和大家庭规模.
结论:
- 尽管MDDF的数量有所减少,但它仍然是印度重要的公共卫生问题.
- 解决MDDF需要一个多方面的政府方法,包括加强公共配送系统 (PDS) 和综合儿童发展计划 (ICDS).
- 利用社交媒体和地方治理提供营养咨询对于改善儿童营养结果至关重要.
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