在造工人中,呼吸系统症状和疾病的流行以及肺功能下降的普遍性
Kirsi Koskela1,2, Lauri Lehtimäki3, Jukka Uitti4
1Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, P.O. Box 100, Tampere, FI-33014, Finland. kirsi.koskela@tuni.fi.
Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology (London, England)
|October 25, 2024
概括
造工人面临更高的风险呼吸道问题,如慢性支气管炎和肺功能下降由于职业暴露. 这项研究强调了行业中这些疾病的潜在低诊断.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 环境医学 环境医学
背景情况:
- 造工人暴露于可吸入物质,增加了呼吸道疾病的风险,如ILD,COPD,慢性支气管炎和肺气.
- 之前关于造工人呼吸系统健康的研究是有限的.
- 这项研究旨在评估当前,以前和未暴露个体的呼吸系统症状,疾病和肺功能.
研究的目的:
- 评估造工人中呼吸道症状和疾病的流行程度.
- 确定当前和前造工人中肺功能下降的速度.
- 为了比较造工人和未暴露的对照者之间的呼吸系统健康结果.
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及335名当前造工人,64名前造工人和161名对照者的横截面研究.
- 使用螺旋计,评估呼吸道症状,疾病和肺功能.
- 计算累积尘埃暴露和中位暴露水平.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,造工人患慢性支气管炎,咳,喘息和慢性鼻炎的患病率更高,即使调整了吸烟和BMI.
- 肺功能障碍在前造工 (29.7%) 和现有造工 (15.5%) 与对照 (8.7%) 中明显更常见.
- 诊断出COPD和慢性支气管炎的低患病率表明,尽管有症状和肺功能指标,但潜在的诊断不足.
结论:
- 在造工人中,呼吸道症状很普遍.
- 与未暴露的个体相比,现任和前任造工人表现出肺功能减弱.
- 有证据表明,在造工人群中,COPD和慢性支气管炎的诊断不足.
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