普遍停滞:美国各州和县2010年后心血管疾病死亡率平稳和上升
Leah Abrams1, Nora Brower1, Mikko Myrskylä2,3,4
1Department of Community Health, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
American journal of epidemiology
|October 25, 2024
概括
心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率下降在2010年后在全国范围内停滞不前,影响预期寿命. 这一趋势几乎影响了所有州和县,甚至是富裕的州和县,表明需要广泛的风险因素分析.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 自2010年以来,美国已经看到有关心血管疾病 (CVD) 的死亡趋势,阻碍了预期寿命的增长.
- 国家心血管疾病死亡率趋势可能会掩盖各州和各县的显著差异.
- 了解心血管疾病死亡趋势的地理和社会经济差异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2010年后美国州和县级心血管疾病死亡率的趋势.
- 将2010-2019年的心血管疾病死亡率趋势与2000-2009年的趋势进行比较.
- 调查基于地点的因素 (如收入) 与心血管疾病死亡率趋势之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 根据美国各州和县对心血管疾病死亡率数据的比较分析.
- 检查两个不同十年的趋势:2000-2009年和2010-2019年.
- 评估不同年龄组 (中年和老年) 和社会经济层面的心脏病死亡率趋势.
主要成果:
- 在这两个十年中,在中年 (40-64岁) 和老年 (65-84岁) 两种年龄组中,在几乎所有州都观察到心血管疾病死亡率下降的普遍停滞.
- 许多州在2010-2019年间经历了中年心血管疾病死亡率的增加.
- 虽然老年心血管疾病死亡率在2010年后在大多数州继续下降,但与前十年相比,下降速度明显放缓.
- 东南地区在2010年后的老年心血管疾病死亡率下降最快.
- 县级家庭收入中位数与心血管疾病死亡率水平相关,但所有收入分位数,包括最富有的收入分位数,都出现了停滞的下降.
结论:
- 心血管疾病死亡率下降的停滞是美国各地普遍存在的问题,影响了不同地区和社会经济群体.
- 识别导致这些趋势停滞的潜在风险因素对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
- 需要有针对性的战略来解决心血管疾病死亡率差异,并扭转不利趋势,特别是在中年人群中.
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