一名日本患者患有渐进的语言聋和logoclonia
Atsuko Hayashi1, Yasuji Yamamoto2, Minoru Matsuda3
1Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, JPN.
Cureus
|October 25, 2024
概括
这项研究报告了与典型的初级渐进性失言症 (PPA) 不同的逐渐传播障碍的独特案例,其中包括词聋和语音失言症. 研究结果表明,一个单独的综合征影响听觉和运动语言区域.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 神经学 神经学
- 语音语言病理学 语音语言病理学
背景情况:
- 初级渐进性失言症 (PPA) 有几个已知的亚型.
- 报道了不典型的表现,包括单独的渐进式言语失灵 (AOS) 或带有logoclonia的词聋,但很少见.
- 这些非典型的病例挑战了现有的分类,并突出了渐进性沟通障碍的复杂性.
研究的目的:
- 报告一个详细的病例的退行性疾病呈现声学偏听力,AOS,语音声音认知受损,和logoclonia.
- 调查这种复杂的沟通障碍的潜在神经生物学相关性.
- 探索一个独特的综合征的潜力,以单词聋和言语运动障碍为特征,与PPA分开.
主要方法:
- 临床案例研究,包括详细的神经和语音评估.
- 神经成像分析包括MRI (西尔维亚裂,上旋环,侧额叶) 和多巴胺活性转运器扫描.
- 脑脊液检查,以排除阿尔茨海默病的病理.
主要成果:
- 患者表现出渐进的声学偏听,AOS,语音认知受损,和logoclonia,并保留了书面语言的理解.
- 神经成像显示左侧西尔维亚裂的扩张,缩和高层状圈的低,以及左侧额叶的低.
- 脑脊液分析和多巴胺载体扫描表明非阿尔茨海默病的病理和受损的多巴胺基通路.
结论:
- 患者的表现,特别是由于词聋导致的口语和书面语言之间的分离,表明有不同的综合征.
- 这种综合征似乎涉及初级运动和听觉皮层/亚皮层区域,与典型的PPA不同,通常涉及更多的中央语言网络.
- 需要进一步的研究,以将这种由词聋和言语运动障碍为特征的综合征作为逐渐传播障碍中的单独实体划分出来.
相关概念视频
Prosopagnosia
142
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
142
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
764
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
764
Learning Disabilities
84
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
84
Auditory Pathway
5.1K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
5.1K
Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
449
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
449
Language and Cognition
329
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
329


