1997年至2019年西班牙乙型肝炎住院病例的增加趋势
María Guerrero-Vadillo1,2,3, Marina Peñuelas1,2, Rocío Carmona2
1CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERESP, ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
概括
西班牙的E型肝炎住院病例显著增加,特别是在40岁以上的男性中. 老年,慢性肝病和艾滋病毒感染与这种病毒性肝炎的严重后果和死亡有关.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肝炎E是一种病毒性肝炎,主要通过受污染的食物传播.
- 在西班牙,E型肝炎不是必须报告的疾病,这限制了监测.
- 了解趋势和风险因素对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析西班牙 (1997-2019) 肝炎E住院病例的时间趋势和流行病学特征.
- 为了确定与严重的肝炎E疾病相关的因素.
- 评估肝炎E的季节性和人口统计模式.
主要方法:
- 使用了西班牙国家医院出院数据库记录,从1997年到2019年.
- 用Poisson回归来分析时间趋势和季节性.
- 进行多变量逻辑回归以确定与严重疾病相关的因素.
主要成果:
- 在1997年至2018年期间,E型肝炎住院发生率从每百万居民的0.22增加到2.95.
- 观察到季节性 (2016-19),第二季度和第三季度病例增加;40岁以上男性的发病率更高.
- 死亡的独立风险因素包括年龄≥50,慢性肝病,艾滋病毒和乙型/型肝炎.
结论:
- 在西班牙,E型肝炎的住院病例正在增加,老年患者和患有并发症的患者的严重程度更高.
- 在40岁以上的男性中显著的发病率和潜在的季节性需要进一步调查.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以指导E型肝炎的预防和控制战略.
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