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相关概念视频

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons02:54

Evolutionary Relationships through Genome Comparisons

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Genome comparison is one of the excellent ways to interpret the evolutionary relationships between organisms. The basic principle of genome comparison is that if two species share a common feature, it is likely encoded by the DNA sequence conserved between both species. The advent of genome sequencing technologies in the late 20th century enabled scientists to understand the concept of conservation of domains between species and helped them to deduce evolutionary relationships across diverse...
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
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Phylogeny01:23

Phylogeny

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Phylogeny is concerned with the evolutionary diversification of organisms or groups of organisms. A group of organisms with a name is called a taxon (singular). Taxa (plural) can span different levels of the evolutionary hierarchy. For instance, the group containing all birds is a taxon (comprising the class Aves), and the group of all species of daisies (the genus Bellis) is a taxon. Phylogenies can likewise include just one genus (i.e., depict species relationships) or span an entire kingdom.
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Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

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The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
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Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes00:58

Genomic DNA in Eukaryotes

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Eukaryotes have large genomes compared to prokaryotes. To fit their genomes into a cell, eukaryotic DNA is packaged extraordinarily tightly inside the nucleus. To achieve this, DNA is tightly wound around proteins called histones, which are packaged into nucleosomes that are joined by linker DNA and coil into chromatin fibers. Additional fibrous proteins further compact the chromatin, which is recognizable as chromosomes during certain phases of cell division.
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Phylogenetic Trees03:21

Phylogenetic Trees

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Phylogenetic trees come in many forms. It matters in which sequence the organisms are arranged from the bottom to the top of the tree, but the branches can rotate at their nodes without altering the information. The lines connecting individual nodes can be straight, angled, or even curved.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture
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Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture

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从转录基因数据推断出Acoelomorpha的一种基因组骨干.

Samuel Abalde1, Ulf Jondelius1

  • 1Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.

Systematic biology
|October 25, 2024
PubMed
概括

这项研究使用基因组数据重建了Acoelomorpha (简单的海洋虫) 的进化树. 它揭示了Paratomella作为Acoela内部早期分离的血统,影响了祖先的重建和多样化的时间.

科学领域:

  • 甲动物 遗传学学
  • 海洋无脊椎动物的进化
  • 这是一个Acoelomorph系统学.

背景情况:

  • 包括Acoela,Nemertodermatida和Xenoturbella在内的Xenacoelomorpha是形态上简单的虫,其遗传位置有争议.
  • 之前的研究提出了Xenacoelomorpha在双胞胎群中的相互矛盾的位置.
  • 了解Acoelomorpha内部的内部关系对于重建它们的祖先状态和进化历史至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 使用广泛的基因组数据推断Acoelomorpha的强大的遗传学骨干.
  • 调查新遗传学发现对祖先遗传的重建的影响.
  • 估计Acoelomorpha内部的多样化时间,并将其与主要的进化事件相关联.

主要方法:

  • 对29个转录组进行了测序,使得Acoelomorpha的可用基因组数据数量翻了一番.
  • 遗传学分析以重建物种树和基因树.
  • 检测和分析基因树-物种树不一致性,包括不完整的血统排序和内向.
  • 使用生成的遗传学框架约会多样化事件.

主要成果:

  • 一个与以前的研究主要一致的拓学,但Paratomella的新位置是Acoela中最早的分离血统.
关键词:
它们是Acoelomorpha.祖先特征 状态重建 状态重建分歧乘以分歧的时间.不完整的血统排序 不完整的血统排序这是一个内进的进攻.形态遗传学 生物遗传学翻译学 翻译学 翻译学 翻译学

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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jun 9, 2025

Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture
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Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture

Published on: October 23, 2019

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Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
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Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
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Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

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  • 有证据表明,不完整的血统分类和潜在的内进化在鱼家族 (Dakuidae 和 Mecynostomidae) 之间,使精确的家族和通用位置 (例如,Notocelis) 变得复杂.
  • Acoelomorpha的多样化时间与已知的双边主要多样化和灭绝事件保持一致.

    • 结论:

    • 修订后的基因组,特别是帕拉托梅拉的位置,需要重新评估祖先的形态和进化.
    • 基因组数据提供了一种强大的工具,用于解决aceelomorph关系,克服形态数据的局限性.
    • 推断出的多样化模式凸显了元动物进化的动态性质,受更广泛的地质和生态事件的影响.