过去十年中中枢神经系统的新兴真菌感染:一篇文献综述
Rita Lino1,2, André Rodrigues Guimarães1,2, Estela Sousa1,2
1Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital de São João-Unidade Local de Saúde São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal.
Infectious disease reports
|October 25, 2024
概括
新兴的真菌病原体,如Candida auris越来越多地导致中枢神经系统 (CNS) 感染. 这种增加需要对这些危及生命的真菌感染进行更好的诊断和治疗.
科学领域:
- 医学真菌学 医学真菌学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 中枢神经系统 (CNS) 的真菌感染对全球健康构成重大威胁,死亡率高.
- 增加的发病率与免疫功能低下的人群,环境变化和改进的诊断有关.
- 新兴的真菌病原体在中枢神经系统感染中越来越令人担忧.
研究的目的:
- 识别导致中枢神经系统感染的新出现或可能出现的真菌病原体.
- 审查这些真菌的临床特征.
- 突出需要改进管理策略的需要.
主要方法:
- 进行了长达十年的PubMed文献综述.
- 专注于识别由特定真菌引起的中枢神经系统感染.
- 包括Candida auris,Trichosporon spp.,Blastomyces spp.,Sporothrix spp.,Talaromyces marneffei,Lomentospora prolificans,以及Scedosporium spp. 这些物种都被认为是白虫.
主要成果:
- 对于每个指定的真菌,确定的病例是:黄 (10),Trichosporon spp. (5),布拉斯托米切斯 spp. 的种类. (82),Sporothrix spp. 这种植物. (36), 塔拉罗米切斯马尔内菲 (21), 洛门托斯波拉多利法坎斯 (22), 斯基多斯波里亚斯spp. (42) 在这个问题上,
- 数据表明,这些真菌在中枢神经系统感染中显著存在.
- 确切的疾病负担很难确定.
结论:
- 这些病原体引起的中枢神经系统真菌感染的发病率上升是显而易见的.
- 迫切需要加强诊断,治疗和管理策略.
- 改善干预措施对于改善危及生命的中枢神经系统真菌感染的结果至关重要.
相关概念视频
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia
787
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
787
Viral Meningitis
219
Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...
219
Arboviral Encephalitis
70
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...
70
Bacterial Meningitis I: Introduction
32
Bacterial meningitis is a severe, life-threatening inflammation of the meninges, particularly the pia mater and arachnoid mater, affecting the subarachnoid space, ventricles, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). If untreated, it can lead to significant neurological complications or death.Causative AgentsCommon pathogens vary with age and immune status. In adults, major organisms include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus agalactiae (group B...
32
Encephalitis l: Introduction
29
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...
29
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
32
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
32


