厄瓜多尔的两病 - - 查奇和蒙图比奥斯土著人口中的流行,知识和社会文化实践:一种混合方法的跨部门研究
Richar Rodríguez-Hidalgo1,2,3, William Cevallos4, Maritza Celi-Erazo1,2,3
1Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador.
Tropical medicine and infectious disease
|October 25, 2024
概括
在厄瓜多尔,因食用生鱼而引起的肝炎感染 - - 两风病非常普遍. 尽管人类和狗的感染率很高,但公众对寄生虫及其传播的了解仍然有限,需要有针对性的健康教育.
科学领域:
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 食物传播疾病 食物传播疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 由肝 *Amphimerus*引起的两病是一种与食用感染的生鱼或未煮熟的河鱼有关的食物传播疾病.
- 这种做法在传统的习惯中很常见,自2011年以来,导致厄瓜多尔的特有两病,特别影响了查奇美洲印第安人和蒙图比奥斯人.
研究的目的:
- 评估厄瓜多尔的查奇美洲印第安人和蒙图比奥斯人群体对两病的知识,态度和实践 (KAP).
- 为了确定这些社区中人类和狗的 * Amphimerus * 感染的流行率.
- 识别理解的差距,并为有针对性的公共卫生干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一个基于社区的,采用混合方法研究设计的横截面研究.
- 对社区成员,卫生人员和学术人员进行63个问题KAP调查的管理.
- 进行67次半结构面试并对273个人类和80只狗便样本进行显微镜检测,以检测*Amphimerus*蛋.
主要成果:
- 观察到对*Amphimerus* (31.4%) 的认识很低,尽管这种疾病的认知严重程度很高 (86.1%).
- 虽然大多数参与者 (79.1%) 表示不食用生鱼,但许多人食用含/盐的生鱼 ("curtido") 或鱼 (59.3%).
- 感染*Amphimerus*的发病率在人类中为23%,在狗中为16.2%,感染者和未感染者之间KAP有显著差异. 当地卫生人员表现出缺乏知识.
结论:
- 尽管感染率很高,但关于 * Amphimerus * ,两病和传染途径的知识在厄瓜多尔的特有种群中有限.
- 像食用"curtido"和鱼这样的文化习惯有助于传播,突出了对文化敏感的健康教育的需要.
- 卫生当局和社区领导人的参与对于有效预防和控制两病至关重要.
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