在不同的微环境中,PM10,PM2.5的元素组成和健康风险评估:亚的斯亚贝巴,埃塞俄比亚
Asamene Embiale Taye1, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi2, Feleke Zewge Beshah2
1Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.
PloS one
|October 25, 2024
概括
这项研究评估了亚的斯亚贝巴贫民窟的空气污染,发现家庭和路边的高PM2.5和PM10水平对健康构成重大风险. 微量元素的癌症风险在安全范围内,但颗粒物暴露需要紧急注意.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 空气质量监测 空气质量监测
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 亚的斯亚贝巴的贫民窟面临着重大的环境健康挑战.
- 暴露于细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和粗颗粒物 (PM10) 在室内和室外环境中是一个主要问题.
- 了解与空气污染物相关的健康风险对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估与亚的斯亚贝巴贫民窟居民的PM2.5和PM10暴露相关的健康风险.
- 测量室内和室外PM2.5和PM10度.
- 确定PM10的元素组成,并评估相关的微量元素的健康风险.
主要方法:
- 在亚的斯亚贝巴贫民区内75个室内和室外地点进行空气质量监测.
- 使用AROCET531S仪器测量了PM2.5和PM10度.
- 使用感应合等离子体光学发射光谱学 (ICP-OES) 分析了微量元素的PM10.
- 使用危害指数 (HI) 和计算终身癌症风险估计的健康影响.
主要成果:
- PM2.5和PM10水平分别在10.6-119微克m-3和128-185微克m-3之间.
- 在研究的12个微环境中,有10个因暴露于PM2.5和PM10而出现显著的健康问题 (HI>1).
- 在PM10中的微量金属度在0.007-0.197μg m-3.0之间.
- 微量元素的终身癌症风险符合美国环境保护局 (USEPA) 的指导方针.
结论:
- 在亚的斯亚贝巴贫民窟中,高水平的PM2.5和PM10对居民构成重大长期健康风险.
- 需要利益相关者和居民的紧急关注,以减轻暴露和健康影响.
- 虽然微量元素癌症的风险是有限的,但颗粒物污染需要有针对性的干预措施.
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