不同饮食的环境可持续性和营养质量,考虑到营养充足度
Margot Cooreman-Algoed1, Lieselot Boone1, Jo Dewulf1
1Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
The Science of the total environment
|October 25, 2024
概括
调整营养饮食可以改善健康评分,但也可以增加用水量和碳足迹. 这项研究表明,优化饮食需要平衡营养和环境影响,以实现可持续饮食.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 环境科学环境科学
- 饮食评估 饮食评估
背景情况:
- 饮食模式显著影响人类健康和环境可持续性.
- 评估饮食需要考虑营养充足性和生态影响.
- 以前的研究往往只关注一个方面,忽视了营养和环境指标之间的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估调整四种不同的饮食模式 (无食者,肉食素食者,素食者,素食者) 以满足推摄入量的营养和环境后果.
- 为了在这些调整后的饮食中比较2010年替代健康饮食指数 (AHEI) 和环境指标 (用水,碳足迹) 的变化.
- 确定营养调整是否会同时改善健康和环境指标.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自四个饮食组的762名比利时成年人的个人饮食数据.
- 计算了替代健康饮食指数 (AHEI) -2010以评估营养质量.
- 使用"摇篮到坟墓"的生命周期评估 (LCA),使用环境足迹3.0方法来评估环境影响 (用水,碳足迹).
- 应用了二次编程算法,以营养调整所有饮食以满足推的能量和营养摄入量.
主要成果:
- 在所有饮食中,营养调整显著改善了AHEI得分.
- 在所有调整后的饮食中,用水量 (WU) 显著增加,食肉动物饮食显示出最大的增加.
- 杂食饮食表现出减少的碳足迹 (CF),而限制性饮食 (除了素食主义者) 在调整后显示出增加的CF.
- 素食和素食饮食显示出大量的AHEI改善,CF增加最小,但也增加了WU.
结论:
- 调整营养的饮食并不能统一地产生营养和环境的好处.
- 杂食饮食显示出最显著的AHEI改善,但也显著增加了用水量.
- 这项研究强调了在评估饮食模式和促进可持续食品选择时,同时评估营养和环境指标的关键需要.
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