线性基础设施和相关的野生动物事故为顶级掠食者和掠食者创造了一个生态陷
Navinder J Singh1, Michelle Etienne1, Göran Spong1
1Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 90183, Sweden.
The Science of the total environment
|October 25, 2024
概括
金被吸引到道路和电力线等人类基础设施,误认为它们是安全的息地. 这导致死亡风险明显增加,为该物种创造了生态陷.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
- 野生动物管理 野生动物管理
背景情况:
- 动物可以被人类改变的环境误导,选择显得有益但降低生存和繁殖 (生态陷) 的息地.
- 线性基础设施,如道路和电力线,为野生动物提供了新的吸引力,包括顶级捕食者和黄金 (Aquila chrysaetos) 等食尸动物.
- 这些吸引物可能会带来重大风险,如果它们充当生态陷,可能会导致负面的人口影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了测试与人类创造的线性基础设施有关的金的生态陷假设.
- 分析金在道路,铁路和电力线上的息地选择模式.
- 评估与选择这些线性特征相关的人口统计后果,特别是死亡风险.
主要方法:
- 利用步骤选择功能分析了Fennoscandia的74只GPS跟踪金 (成年人和未成年人) 在11年的息地选择.
- 使用野生动物交通事故统计数据对关键野生物种评估息地的吸引力.
- 通过分析GPS标记的死亡率数据来评估人口统计后果.
主要成果:
- 金,无论是成年人还是未成年人,都在个人和人口层面上始终选择线性特征 (道路,铁路,电力线).
- 对于线性特征的息地选择强度在不成熟的中随着年龄的增长而增加.
- 与其他选定的息地相比,线性特征的死亡风险为的5.5倍,这证实了生态陷.
结论:
- 人类创造的线性基础设施作为金的生态陷,吸引它们,同时显著增加它们的死亡风险.
- 这些发现对于面临类似人为压力的顶级捕食者和食尸动物的保护具有关键意义.
- 建议采取紧急缓解策略,包括从基础设施中移除尸体,减少野生动物与车辆的碰撞,以防止猛禽和食尸动物的死亡.
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