免疫检查点抑制剂疗法和与克隆性血液形成的关联
Abhay Singh1, Nuria Mencia Trinchant2, Rahul Mishra3
1Leukemia and Myeloid Disorders Program, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|October 26, 2024
概括
免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 疗法可能会驱动黑色素瘤和NSCLC患者的克隆血液形成 (CH) 扩张,特别是影响DNMT3A和TET2突变. 这表明CH可能是ICB反应的生物标志物,并表明未来的白血病风险.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
背景情况:
- 癌症患者经常表现出克隆性造血 (CH),其特点是造血干细胞的突变.
- 免疫检查点阻塞 (ICB) 疗法彻底改变了癌症治疗,但其对血液形成的影响尚不清楚.
- 鉴于二次白血病的发病率上升,了解ICB对CH的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述黑色素瘤和非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 患者的造血区.
- 调查ICB疗法是否会影响造血细胞的克隆结构和扩张.
- 探索CH作为ICB反应的生物标志物和骨髓瘤恶性瘤风险预测者的潜力.
主要方法:
- 来自142名黑色素瘤和NSCLC患者的外周血液样本的分析.
- 从ICB暴露前后的患者获得的连续样本 (n=25) 的评估.
- 在CH中经常发生突变的基因的错误纠正测序 (例如,DNMT3A,TET2).
主要成果:
- 在黑色素瘤和NSCLC队列中观察到CH的高患病率.
- 在黑色素瘤患者中,DNMT3A和TET2中的突变随着更长时间的ICB暴露而增加,显示出统计学上显著的VAF变化.
- 在ICB后的NSCLC患者中也发现了类似的,但在统计学上不显著的表观遗传扩张趋势.
结论:
- ICB疗法可能对造血干细胞施加选择性压力,促进表观遗传修饰基因的克隆扩张.
- DNMT3A/TET2 CH突变可能成为黑色素瘤和NSCLC中ICB反应的预测生物标志物.
- 长期的ICB治疗可能会增加骨髓瘤恶性瘤的风险,这是由于持续的克隆扩张.
相关概念视频
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.1K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.1K
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.0K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.0K
Tumor Immunotherapy
486
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
486
Lineage Commitment
3.0K
Commitment is the process whereby stem cells:
3.0K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
674
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
674
Hematopoiesis
5.1K
The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
5.1K


