具有先天性心脏缺陷的学龄儿童的营养状况和饮食行为趋势
Dominik Tobias1, Paul Christian Helm2, Ulrike Maria Margarethe Bauer2
1Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Children Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|October 26, 2024
概括
具有复杂先天性心脏缺陷 (CHD) 的学龄儿童面临营养不良的风险. 这与疾病的严重程度和手术有关,而不是不良的饮食习惯,突出了对专业护理的关键需求.
科学领域:
- 儿童心脏病学 儿童心脏病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 先天性心脏缺陷 (CHD) 与婴儿营养不良有关,但对较大的儿童的数据很少.
- 了解患有心血管疾病的学龄儿童的营养状况和饮食行为对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
- 这项研究解决了有关心血管疾病的学龄儿童营养状况的有限数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估患有心血管疾病的学龄儿童的营养状况.
- 为了研究这一群体的饮食行为.
- 确定影响心血管疾病儿童营养状况的因素.
主要方法:
- 全国范围内在线调查894名6至17岁的患有心血管疾病的儿童,这些儿童已登记在德国心血管疾病国家登记册中.
- 使用了德国儿童和青少年健康访谈和检查调查 (KiGGS) 的饮食习惯调查问卷.
- 将饮食习惯和营养状况与来自KiGGS研究的4569名健康儿童的代表子组进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与健康同龄人相比,患有冠状动脉疾病的儿童消耗的含糖和快餐较少.
- 患有心血管疾病的患者表现出明显较低的体重指数 (BMI) 百分位数,特别是患有复杂或中度心血管疾病的患者.
- 在心血管疾病患者中,较低的BMI百分位与心血管疾病的严重程度和先前干预的数量密切相关,而不是饮食选择.
结论:
- 患有复杂心血管疾病的学龄儿童有营养不良的风险.
- 这个群体的营养不良主要与心血管疾病的严重程度和手术史有关,而不是饮食习惯.
- 研究结果强调,需要监测和支持重症心血管疾病儿童的营养状况.
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